1. Tissue Healing
Pain
1/13/2019

2. Objectives Understand key terminology related to pain and pain control
Utilize pain scales to help determine the severity of pain
Analyze various pain theories and methods of pain control
1/13/2019

3. Terminology
Pain- a symptom or signal that warns of a problem within the body
Referred pain- pain that occurs away from site of injury/irritation
Endorphins- body’s natural painkillers that are released from the brain
Modality- therapeutic agent or tool that can enhance the healing process
1/13/2019

4. Pain Is subjective Can be perceived based on: Prior experiences
Emotional and psychological state
Culture and social values
1/13/2019

5. Pain Types Acute Pain - pain lasting less than 6 months
Chronic Pain - pain lasting 6 months or more
Referred Pain - could be injury or illness
Trigger Point Pain - hypersensitive muscle fibers, typically around a knot
1/13/2019

6. The major goal of rehabilitation is to control pain to allow the best environment for tissue healing to occur!
1/13/2019

7. How do we determine level of pain?
A Pain Assessment tells us:
Intensity of pain
Effect on musculoskeletal function
Impact on daily living
Emotional & functional
To do this, we need pain scales.
1/13/2019

8. Numeric and Visual Scales
1/13/2019

9. Verbal Pain Scale
1/13/2019

10. Property of CTE Joint Venture
1/13/2019

11. Pain Control Theories Gate Control Central Biasing Endorphin Release
Non-painful stimulus can block the pain message
Central Biasing
Brain determines pain through previous experiences, emotions, and sensory perception
Endorphin Release
Pain message transmission triggers endorphin release
Property of CTE Joint Venture
1/13/2019

12. What clinician can do to control pain
Modality usage
Medication
Psychological support
Property of CTE Joint Venture
1/13/2019

13. Write it!
Examples of modalities, medications and psychological interventions that can be used for pain control. Compare your responses with a partner. Be prepared to share with class!
2. Whiteboards/Slates
student writes answer or solution to a question posed by the teacher
teacher solicits all students to show at the same time
teacher gives feedback to the students