1. Ch.13 Section1

2. Industrial Revolution
occurred in response to an increased demand for manufactured goods
Period of rapid growth in manufacturing and production
Richard Arkwright invented the water frame

3. Mechanic who helped design the first U.S. textile mill
Samuel Slater
Mechanic who helped design the first U.S. textile mill
Mill owners often hired families to work at their mills in exchange for low wages

4. A Manufacturing Breakthrough
Technology- tools designed to produce goods or to do work
Mass Production- efficiently making large numbers of identical goods
Whitney promised to build 10,000 muskets in two years, but failed. It took 10 years.

5. Slow Start
The growth of manufacturing in the U.S. was slowed because of the high price of labor and the lack of capital

6. Ch 13 Section 2

7. Rhode Island System
Slater hired families
divided factory work into simple jobs

8. Lowell System
Francis Cabot Lowell-employed local women to spin and weave in one mill

9. Workers Organize
Trade unions-organizations created by workers to improve working conditions
Workers reacted to changes in factory labor conditions by organizing unions
Strike- employees refuse to work until employers meet their demands

10. Sarah Bagley-union founder who publicized workers’ struggles
Labor Reform
Sarah Bagley-union founder who publicized workers’ struggles

11. Ch 13 Section 3

12. Transportation Revolution
Created a boom in business across the country by speeding travel

13. The Steamboat
Robert Fulton-inventor who developed a steam powered boat
Clermont – full sized commercial steamboat
One of the first breakthroughs of the Transportation Revolution

14. Railroads
Train accidents were common because engineers would travel too fast
Steampowered trains became popular after 1830 when Cooper raced his locomotive, Tom Thumb, against a horse-drawn railcar

15. Ch 13 Section 4

16. Messages by Wire
Telegraph- sends pulses of electrical current through a wire
First shown to work in the election of 1844
Not able to work before this date
Inventor-Samuel Morse

17. New Factories
Start of revolution, many factories use water power, but we will start to switch over to steam power to run machines
can build steam power factories anywhere
can be closer to city
more workers
less shipping

18. Better Farm Equipment
John Deere-blacksmith who made the steel bladed plow
Cyrus McCormick-designed a mechanical reaper that cut down wheat quickly and efficiently

19. Changing Life at Home
Sewing Machine- Singer was world’s largest maker
Ice boxes-keep food cold
Iron cookstoves
Clocks