1. AP World History
Unit 1 Vocabulary #2

2. Unit One: Foundations (8000 B.C.E. – 600 C.E.)
Polis
Sati
Silk Roads
Stoicism
Twelve Tables
Untouchables
Varna
Vedas
Zoroastrianism
Analects
Animism
Bodhisattvas
Brahmin
Covenant
Dharma
Diaspora
Disciple
Edict of Milan
Filial piety
Karma
Messiah
Moksha
Monotheism
New Testament
Nirvana
Pope
Phoenicians
Reincarnation
Ten Commandments
Theocracy
Torah
Yahweh
Yin and yang
Huns
Latifundia

3. Moksha
In Hindu belief, the spirit’s liberation from the cycle of reincarnation

4. Yahweh
Jehovah, the god of the Jews

5. Sati
The custom of higher castes of Hinduism of a widow throwing herself on the funeral pyre of her husband

6. Latifundia
Large landholdings in the Roman Empire

7. Polis
A Greek city-state

8. Karma
In Hindu tradition, the good or evil deeds done by a person

9. Analects
Also known as the Analects of Confucius, are a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius and his disciples, as well as the discussions they held

10. Animism
The belief that spirits inhabit the features of nature

11. Bodhisattvas
Buddhist holy men who accumulated spiritual merits during their lifetime; Buddhists prayed to them in order to receive some of their holiness

12. Brahmin
A member of the social class of priests in Aryan society

13. Covenant
Agreement; in the Judeo-Christian heritage, an agreement between God and humankind

14. Dharma
In Hinduism , the doctrine of the religious and moral rights and duties of each individual; it generally refers to religious duty, but may also mean social order, right conduct, or simply virtue.

15. Diaspora
The exile of an ethnic or racial group from their homeland

16. Disciple
A follower and learner of a mentor or other wise figure

17. Edict of Milan
A document that made Christianity one of the religions allowed in the Roman Empire

18. Filial Piety
In China, respect for one’s parents and other elders

19. Huns
Nomadic and pastoral people of unknown ethnological affinities who originated in N central Asia, appeared in Europe in the 4th cent. AD, and built up an empire there.

20. Phoenicians
Seafaring civilization located on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean (modern day Lebanon); established colonies throughout the Mediterranean (Carthage); devised a simplified alphabet of 22 letters

21. Messiah
(Heb. ‘anointed’) Savior or redeemer. Specifically, the Messiah was the descendant of King David expected by the Jews of ancient times to become their king, free them from foreign bondage, and rule over them in a golden age of glory, peace, and righteousness.

22. Monotheism
The belief in one god

23. New Testament
The portion of the Christian Bible that contains the Gospels that relate the account of the life of Jesus and also includes letters from the followers of Jesus to the early Christian churches

24. Nirvana
In Buddhism, a state of perfect peace that is the goal of reincarnation

25. Pope
The head of the Roman Catholic Church

26. Reincarnation
Rebirth; a belief of both Buddhism and Hinduism

27. Silk Roads
Caravan routes and sea lanes between China and the Middle East

28. Stoicism
The most popular Hellenistic philosophy; it involved strict discipline and an emphasis on helping others

29. Twelve Tables
The codification of Roman law during the republic

30. Ten Commandments
The moral law of the Hebrews

31. Theocracy
A government ruled by the church

32. Torah
The first five books of the Jewish scripture

33. Untouchables
The social division in Hindu society that fell in rank below the caste system; it was occupied by those who carried out undesirable occupations such as undertaking, butchering, and waste collection

34. Varna
A caste in the Hindu caste system

35. Vedas
Ancient and most sacred writings of Hinduism. They consist of series of hymns and formulaic chants that constituted a Hindu liturgy (rituals).

36. Yin and Yang
In ancient Chinese belief, the opposing forces that begin balance to nature and life

37. Zoroastrianism
An ancient Persian religion that emphasized a struggle between good and evil and rewards in the afterlife for those who chose to follow a good life