1. #3 How to Read the Schematic
ET2008 Sistem Embedded

2. Schematics are our map to designing, building, and troubleshooting circuits.
Understanding how to read and follow schematics is an important skill

3. Schematic Symbols
Resistors

4. Potentiometers and Variable Resistors
Three terminals
Two terminals

5. Capacitors

6. Inductors

7. Switches
single-pole/single-throw

9. Power Sources

10. Batteries

11. Voltage Nodes

12. Diodes

13. The most common, Zener diode is used as a voltage reference element
Schottky diodes are useful in voltage clamping applications and prevention of transistor saturation
Less energy is wasted as heat-> efficient choice for applications sensitive to efficiency -> they are used in stand-alone photovoltaic systems in order to prevent batteries from discharging through the solar panels at night as well as in grid-connected systems containing multiple strings connected in parallel
Schottky diodes are also used as rectifiers in switched-mode power supplies.
The most common, Zener diode is used as a voltage reference element

14. Transistors
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
Collector
Base
Emitter

15. Metal Oxide Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)
Drain
Source
Gate
MOSFET is voltage controlled (BJT is current controlled)
MOSFET have a very high input impedance, so just about anything can drive them

16. Digital Logic Gates

17. Integrated Circuits

18. TTLs

19. Op Amps
Inverting
Non-inverting

20. Voltage Regulators

21. Miscellany
Crystals and Resonators

22. Headers and Connectors

23. Motors, Transformers, Speakers, and Relays

25. PTC symbol is the generic symbol for a thermistor, a temperature-dependent resistor (notice the international resistor symbol in there?)

26. Name Designators and Values

27. Reading Schematics
Nets, Nodes and Labels
Junction and nodes

28. Net Names

29. Schematic Reading Tips
Identify Blocks

30. Recognize Voltage Nodes

31. Reference Component Datasheets
If there’s something on a schematic that just doesn’t make sense, try finding a datasheet for the most important component.