1. Risk Factors for the Development of Bone Metastases in Prostate Cancer
Daniel P. Petrylak 
European Urology Supplements 
Volume 6, Issue 11, Pages (June 2007)
DOI: /j.eursup
Copyright © 2007 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Cox proportional hazard estimates of time to first bone metastasis indicate that baseline PSA>10ng/ml and high PSA velocity are significant risk factors for shorter time to first bone metastasis in both univariate and multivariate analyses. PSA: prostate-specific antigen. *For each log (ng/ml)/yr increase in PSA velocity. Data from Smith MR, et al [16].
European Urology Supplements 2007 6, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2007 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Cox proportional hazard estimates of bone metastasis-free survival indicate that baseline PSA>10ng/ml and high PSA velocity are significant risk factors for shorter time to first bone metastasis in both univariate and multivariate analyses. PSA: prostate-specific antigen. *For each log (ng/ml)/yr increase in PSA velocity. Data from Smith MR, et al [16].
European Urology Supplements 2007 6, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2007 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Kaplan Meier time to bone metastasis or death according to tertiles of (A) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and (B) PSA doubling time (PSADT). Reprinted with permission from the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Smith MR, et al. Natural history of rising serum prostate-specific antigen in men with castrate nonmetastatic prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005, vol. 23, issue 13, 2918–25 [16].
European Urology Supplements 2007 6, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2007 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) decreases bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and hip [8] and increases risk of fracture [19] in patients with prostate cancer. Adapted from Mittan D and Bruder J, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, Bone loss following hypogonadism in men with prostate cancer treated with GnRH analogs, volume 87, number 8, 2002, pages 3656–61, copyright 2002, The Endocrine Society [8]; and reprinted from J Urol, volume 157, Daniell HW, et al, Osteoporosis after orchiectomy for prostate cancer, pages 439–44, copyright 1997, with permission from the American Urological Association [19].
European Urology Supplements 2007 6, DOI: ( /j.eursup )
Copyright © 2007 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions