1. Characteristics of the 6 Kingdoms of Life

2. The six kingdoms of life are grouped into 3 domains, based on cell structure:
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

3. Bacteria
“Prokaryotic” (which means they do not have a nucleus)
Single-celled
Have cell walls made of a compound called peptidoglycan
Autotrophic (which means they make their own energy from inorganic materials) and heterotrophic (which means they obtain energy from consuming other organisms)
Use various processes for cell energy, including photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, cellular respiration, fermentation
Asexual reproduction
Live nearly everywhere

4. Archaea
Prokaryotic
Single-celled
Have cell walls made of various compounds, but not peptidoglycan
Heterotrophic
Use various processes for cell energy, including chemosynthesis, cellular respiration, fermentation, and “methanogenesis” (the metabolic production of methane, which is unique to archaea). Do not use photosynthesis.
Asexual reproduction
Live nearly everywhere, including extreme environments

5. Eukarya
“Eukaryotic” (which means they DO have a nucleus) and organelles surrounded by membranes
In the Eukarya domain there are 4 kingdoms:
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia

6. Protista
Eukaryotic (have a nucleus) - may have 1 or more nuclei
Single-celled or colonial
Some have cell walls made of a compound called cellulose. Some have cell walls of silica (glass)
Both autotrophic and heterotrophic
Use cellular respiration for cell energy. Some have photosynthesis
Reproduce asexually and sexually
Found in aquatic or moist habitats

7. Plantae
Eukaryotes (have a nucleus)
Multicellular
Have cell walls made of a compound called cellulose
Most are autotrophic. Some are heterotrophic
Use photosynthesis and cellular respiration for cell energy
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Most are terrestrial, some are aquatic

8. Fungi
Eukaryotic and multinucleate (more than 1 nucleus per cell)
Unicellular or multicellular
Have cell walls made of a compound called chitin
Heterotrophic
Use cellular respiration for cell energy
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Mostly terrestrial

9. Animalia
Eukaryotic (have a nucleus)
Multicellular
Cells do not have cell walls
Heterotrophic (obtain their energy from consuming other organisms)
Use cellular respiration for cell energy
Most reproduce sexually
Found in terrestrial and aquatic habitats

10. Quick check: Which domain and kingdom do we humans belong to
Quick check: Which domain and kingdom do we humans belong to? What characteristics do our cells share with all other organisms in our kingdom?