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American influence Grows 4.5

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1 American influence Grows 4.5

2 should establish colonies overseas.
By 1880's many American Leaders thought the U.S. should establish colonies overseas. QUESTION: How would we expand our empire??? What would we need to do in order to grow?

3 What is Imperialism?? This idea was called imperialism —the policy in which stronger nations extend economic, political or military control over weaker territories. Europe was already doing this….where was U.S. in this game??

4 Imperialist Movement Isolated to…. WORLD POWER Industrialization
Geographically Isolated, (two oceans) Industrialization Need for Natural Resources, expand to new markets, overseas competition. Coal, rubber, tea, iron, petroleum Extractive Economies “Influence of Sea Power Upon History” Increase US Navy and commercial ships Need for Coaling stations and naval bases. Cultural Expansion Spread Democracy Improve conditions for poor countries “White Mans Burden” Three factors fueled American imperialism: The desire for military strength Control the seas = control the world New economic markets (trade) Belief that American culture was superior to others. (ethnocentrism)

5 White Man’s Burden & Paternalism
Poem that justified or gave Western countries the right to use imperialism on weaker countries. Paternalism Idea that a Stronger country must treat a weaker country as a child. Allowed Western countries to view the native population with prejudicial thoughts

6 America’s military Imperialist Nations Need a strong military
Need to protect borders + foreign interests Navy Alfred T. Mahan Naval officer who pushed for America to increase it’s naval power Naval bases abroad, refueling stations Greatest empires/civilizations had powerful navy The Influence of Sea Power Upon History 1900’s USA had the 3rd largest navy Steel plated Ships – USS MAINE

7 America on the World Stage
Analyze Information How did the process of U.S. expansion change over time?

8 America on the World Stage
Analyze Maps What can you conclude from the map about the differences between the goals of European imperialism and U.S. expansionism?

9 America begins to expand
Imperialists Movements Matthew Perry 1853 sailed his fleet of warships to Tokyo Bay Japan never opened its ports to outsiders… Shocked by American Ships “giant dragons puffing smoke” US showers the emperor with gifts = allows the US to open trade with Japan US continues to imperialize East Asia 1867 – Midway Islands – Treaty allows US to build naval bases on Hawaii PEARL HARBOR

10 What did William Seward, Sec of State Acquire from the Russians?
William Seward was Secretary of State for presidents Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. In 1867 he purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. Russians were getting frustrated with the expense of owning property on a foreign land Some opponents in Congress made fun of the deal calling it “Seward’s Icebox” or “Seward’s Folly.” Historians view this purchase as a key milestone on America’s road to world power..

11 The Acquisition of Hawaii
In Hawaii, American owners of sugar plantations, such as this one, exerted broad and increasing influence over local affairs.

12 Why did the U.S. have an interest in Hawaii?
Travel Hawaii = half way point between US and Asia Coaling Station The Hawaiian Islands = IMPORTANT to U.S. financially (due to sugar plantations). ¾ of Hawaii’s wealth due to American-owned sugar plantations Taxes/Tariff – US agrees to import Hawaiian sugar duty-free (Tax Free) New Tariff taxes sugar from Hawaii = more expensive American Business owners and plantation owners lose Queen Liliuokalani – resents the power of the white plantation owners 1893 – American Plantation owners overthrow the queen Sanford B. Dole – creates a new government in Hawaii Asks President Harrison to annex Hawaii Military Base Refueling station Pearl Harbor, 1887

13 The End of a Monarchy Queen Liliuokalani (1891) wanted to give more power back to the Hawaiians NOT the American business owners. “Hawaii for the Hawaiians!” American business owners organized revolt against queen and took control of island. Sanford Dole – wanted to overthrow the Hawaiian Government Eventually became president of provisional Government (July ) Hawaii became a U.S. territory. 1959 – Hawaii becomes a state

14 America Begins to Expand
Analyze Maps For what purposes did the United States probably seek to secure influence in the Pacific?

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