1. Dealing with Waste
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2. Waste Management in UK
Defra (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)
Sets UK legislation for the management of waste
The Environment Agency
Administers the Acts & Regulations
Issues Licences for carriers and disposal sites
Monitors all associated activities &
May define best practice (perhaps regardless of cost)

3. listing 15 items of legislation relating to
UK Acts & Regulations
See Defra website at
listing 15 items of legislation relating to
Waste Management

4. Legislation on coating waste
Some of those regulations relate more directly to coating waste:
Hazardous Waste Regulations
Landfill Directive
Waste Incineration Directive

5. Coating processes Defra works on 2 principles: The Polluter pays
Precautionary intervention
Environmental law says that we are responsible for our waste from ‘cradle to grave’
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

6. Waste Management EA Policies Minimising waste by encouraging:
Efficient use & re-use at source of materials
Recycling wherever possible - (links with suppliers?)
Recovery - e.g. as energy
Disposal only as a last resort – with responsibility for safe disposal upon those who generate it

7. How NOT to do it
Movie

8. Coating process controls
FIRST AIM: Minimising waste at source:
FOR LIQUIDS
Coverage (sq.m / litre) = x Volume Solids content x Efficiency
Dry Film Thickness
FOR POWDERS
Coverage (sq.m /kg) = x Efficiency
Specific Gravity x Dry Film Thickness
These factors are controllable by selection of the right type of process, equipment and coatings for the job and training of personnel to ensure they are able to optimise application efficiency and DFT - Reducing waste at source
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

9. Coating process waste process waste.
Hopefully interesting but what we really need to consider here is the best way of dealing with the materials that don’t end up on our components but which end up as
process waste.
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

10. Coating process waste
And we aren’t going to concerned ourselves here with such items as packaging, tins, drums, energy or controlled stack emissions etc. where other ‘strategies’ are in place
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

11. Coating processes Pretreatments - phosphates; mordants etc
Solvent or water based paints
– 1K or 2K systems
Powder Coatings
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

12. Coating waste Hazardous wastes identified on the basis of
Any waste listed as hazardous in
The List of Wastes (England) Regulations &
The European Waste Catalogue
* - paint, inks, adhesives and resins containing dangerous substances
paint, inks, adhesives and resins other than those mentioned in
waste coating powders
Asterisks indicate a ‘hazardous’ classification

13. Why should we bother? Well… Apart from ethical grounds …
Greater world competition for ever-reducing resources
Therefore increasing prices of raw materials
And any reduction in waste is of more value
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

14. Why should we bother?
Waste is an unfortunate by-product of our processes but …
The cost of disposal of any waste generated is increasing exponentially as waste carriers continually find new ways of adding on any extra charges they can
In some cases, disposal cost is greater than the original purchase price!
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

15. Why should we bother?
Increasing limitations on where and how disposal can be carried out:
No co-disposal of hazardous waste
Reduced access to landfill sites
Increasing costs
Increasingly re-classification of waste as ‘Hazardous’ – you could end up paying to remove materials from a landfill site after they were wrongly classified
Defra are to place more emphasis designing in recoverability and re-use (e.g. WEEE & RoHS)
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

16. Why should we bother? Cost of Disposal - Recent examples:
Waste paint washings - £82 per 205 litre drum
Pretreatment sludge – Between £40 and £135 per 205 litre drum
Liquid Pretreatment waste – between £24 and £48* per 205 litre drum
(water costs less than £1 per cu m [= tonne])
Flammable Solid paint waste – £180 per 205 litre drum
‘Non-hazardous’ paint Solid waste – £50 per 205 litre drum
(NOTE: Often misclassified)
Incineration – additional £30 to £40 per tonne
* Additional consignment charges – Consignment notes £20; Carriage charge(?) £45; Transport for 24 drum minimum load £280; Transport of 24 empty replacement drums £120 (£1617 for approx 5 tonne)
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

17. Coating process waste Aqueous pretreatment solutions
– rinse water; phosphates; mordants etc
Paint solids
– may be chemically reacted / gelled
- Often as dried films on filters,
Volatile materials
– often mixed with solids / gel
Waterbased systems
– some solvent content and additives (often environmental hazards)
Powder
– perhaps contaminated with bits, fibres
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

18. Coating waste treatments
Aqueous pretreatment solutions
– chemistry to neutralize, precipitate etc
- Low temperature recycling / distillation
Paint solids and filter
– incineration / use as fuels? Vitrification / Encapsulation
Volatile solvents
– Recoverable for “gun-wash” by in-house distillation units (cost £3K to £7K)
Liquid waste from water based paint systems
– ??
Powder
– re-use on less important products? Specialist companies can recycle
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we

19. Summary We are the experts here. We know our industry.
If we don’t become involved, work out strategies for dealing with the issues and lobby to include them in legislation, the politicians will decide for us.
What we expect from a coating
In many cases we factors are mutually exclusive and we