1. Topic 3 – Passing It On
-characteristics that are passed on from the parents (mother and father) to their offspring (child) are said to be inherited or heritable
-these traits are passed down through your genes, the genetic material that makes up your body (much like a map)
ex. You look similar to both your father and mother; you have inherited traits

2. Reproductive Strategies
1. Asexual Reproduction
-this is an duplicate of the parent; the parent and the offspring are exact copies (clones!!!)
-they have the same genetic material, therefore the same characteristics

3. no… Advantage: There is no need to find a mate. Disadvantage:
Since they are all the same, if one is vulnerable to the cold then they are all vulnerable to the cold.

4. a) Binary Fission
-found normally in one celled organisms
(ex. Amoeba)

5. Amoeba’s movement.
Amoeba eating.

7. -each new cell is identical to the original
-the organism begins to splits creating exact copies of its nucleus and organelles (organs) to form two new cells.
-each new cell is identical to the original

9. b) Asexual Spores -found mainly in fungi, such as mushrooms
-spores are single-celled, reproductive structures similar to an egg except that it is an exact copy of the parent

10. -spores can be made by the thousands and can survive in almost any type of environment
-spores found in the arctic that were thousands of years old easily grew when they were placed in suitable habitat
-zoospores are similar to spores except they have flagella (tail-like structures) that move them around (ex. Chlamydomonas)

11. c) Budding
-occurs in smaller animals such as sea sponges and hydra

13. -eventually this will detach and form a copy of the original organism
-as a hydra grows, one of its cells will form a bud (much like a flower’s bud) and start to grow on its own
Hydra
Bud
-eventually this will detach and form a copy of the original organism

14. d) Asexual Reproduction with Plants
-the growing tips of roots and stems contain areas of rapidly reproducing cells called meristem
-when a plant is damaged, these meristem cells can create copies of the damaged cells and the plant continues to grow

15. -by taking a cutting of the meristem, you can grow an exact copy of the plant (this is better known as a CLONE of the plant)

16. Asexual Review: * One parent so no need to find a mate
* Offspring identical to parent
* Very fast

17. * If the environment changes, the species could die off since there is no variation within the species and no ability to adapt.