1. Virginia, New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies
British colonies!
Virginia, New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies

2. Types of Colonies Corporate – operated by joint stock companies
Royal – under the direct rule of the King
Proprietary – under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the King

3. Virginia
Jamestown

4. Joint Stock Companies Investors who hope to profit off the colonies
Require a charter from the king

5. Tobacco
John rolfe Gets illegal tobacco seeds from Spanish and brings them to America
People get addicted
Creates the need for more land and more workers

6. 1. Indentured servants
Men (and some women) who agree to work 4-7 years in exchange for passage to America
1618- Headright system
50 acres for each person brought over to America>> Creates Giant plantations

7. 2. slaves
First slave arrives in Jamestown in 1619

8. Virginia house of burgess
1st legislative Assembly- create and collect taxes
Real power lies with the assembly
“Royal colony”- Governor appointed by the KinG

9. Bacon’s rebellion
Poor farmers (former indentured servants) blame Virginia’s royal governor for the very low tobacco prices and Indian attacks
Turns the tide, more people prefer slaves now
Slaves are never set free
Slaves never demand land

10. Becomes a Royal colony
Virginia Company fell into heavy debt and its charter was revoked in 1624 – making it a royal colony

11. Maryland
Catholics Haven

12. Baltimore, Maryland Lord Baltimore established Maryland in 1632
Baltimore was Catholic but gave religious freedom to all settlers
Economy was based on tobacco
back breaking work and the crop used up the soil after only a few years
Begins importing African slaves to do this hard, endless work from the mid-1600’s

13. New England
Plymouth, boston, Salem

14. Colonists come for Religious reasons
Separatists (Pilgrims)
Want to separate from the Church of england
Come over on the mayflower
Because Pilgrims were separatists, they were enemies of the king.
When he granted them a charter to get them out of England, they stole it, and took it with them so he could not revoke it
Puritans
Want to purify the church of england

15. Mayflower compact 1st example of self- Government
Will work together as a “Civil Body”

16. Boston as a “city on a hill”
Model to other Christian communities
Settlers come as families- not just men
Settlers sacrificed for the common good
Built schools, subsistence farming

17. New England government
Town hall style
Independently governed by local church members
All adult male church members are allowed to vote

18. Naysayers
Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts when he demanded that Indians be paid for their land
Forms Rhode island colony
Anne Hutchinson banished (To Rhode island) for challenging leaders authority, and for being a woman

20. Kings Philips war
Native Americans fought the colonists for taking their land
Indian leader Metacom gained Native american allies and led assault on English settlements
Despite some victories, eventually the English were victorious and many NAtives were killed or sold into slavery

22. Salem Witch Trials
In 1692, the Salem witchcraft trials led to the death of 19 & imprisonment of 150 citizens:
Caused by a variety of factors: Indians attacks, religious fanaticism, lack of available land, accusations by local girls

23. Halfway covenant
Grants church membership to people who have not had a “conversion experience”
****Declining importance of Religion in New England******

24. Middle Colonies
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania

25. Middle Colonies
Made up of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
Had a large amount of religious and ethnic diversity
people came for economic opportunity and religious freedom

26. New Netherland created by the Dutch West India Co:
To attract settlers, the Dutch recruited Swedes, Germans, Finns, & Africans (very diverse)
Britain seized the Dutch colony in 1664 & renamed it, New York

27. Becomes New York, New Jersey, and Delaware
Became a proprietary colony (a colony owned by an individual)
Owned by the Duke of york

28. Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania founded by a radical religious sect called Quakers
Quakers believed in the “Inner Light,” that all people are equal, & the ability to communicate directly with God
In England, Quakers were persecuted for these beliefs
Founded by William Penn in 1681

29. “Holy Experiment”
William Penn’s colony was to serve as a “holy experiment”
Promoted religious toleration, bought land from the Indians, & did not tolerate slavery
Allowed a diverse population to move there
Philadelphia had an excellent harbor, making it the most important trade city in the British colonies

30. (lower) Southern Colonies
North Carolina, south Carolina, and georgia

31. The Lower South colonies were among the last to be formed:
Carolina & Georgia developed like Virginia with a cash crop economy, slavery, & gaps between the rich & poor
Georgia was formed as a buffer between Carolina & Spanish Florida, populated by British debtors & prisoners

33. Georgia Founded in 1732 by James Oglethorpe as a place for debtors
Oglethorpe was a strict ruler and eventually the king took control and made it a royal colony