1. Culture What is it really? https://goo.gl/ZHfsfc

2. Everyone has a culture
It shapes how we see the world, ourselves, and others
What is culture??????

3. Customs and traditions. Collective, shared by a group.
Culture
Values and beliefs.
Customs and traditions.
Collective, shared by a group.
Everyone has it.
It is Learned.
Influences and shapes behavior.
Transmitted from generation to generation.
Often unconscious

4. Culture
Knowledge, language, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a group.
These are transmitted from generation to generation, rarely with explicit instructions.

5. Ideas created by members of a society
Nonmaterial Culture
Ideas created by members of a society
Beliefs, rules, family systems, government

6. Material Culture
Tangible things created by members of a society – physical objects

7. List 5 things in each column that describes American culture
Nonmaterial
Material

8. Culture explains human social behavior
What we do or don’t do

9. Culture explains human social behavior
What we like or dislike

10. Culture explains human social behavior
Freedom of speech

11. Culture explains human social behavior

12. Culture guides relationships
Gender roles
Sexuality
Social class systems
Familial hierarchies
Working world

13. Not the same but one can’t exist without the other
Culture and society
Not the same but one can’t exist without the other
Society is a specific territory inhabited by people sharing a common culture.
Society is a specific territory inhabited by people who share a common culture

14. Innate (unlearned) patterns of behavior
Instincts are not enough to solve all problems humans face – what type of shelter to build, food to eat, etc.
Forced to create and learn own ways of thinking, feeling, behaving
Instincts

15. Instincts
Only humans rely on culture rather than instinct to ensure the survival of their kind

16. Is it heredity or environment???
Personality
Is it heredity or environment???

17. How does heredity affect behavior?
Nature vs. Nurture
Reflexes – reaction to stimuli (pupils contract with light)
Drives – impulses to reduce discomfort (eat, sleep)

18. How does heredity affect behavior?
Culture channels the expression of biological characteristics
Ex. crying

19. Culture & Theory

20. Culture
Functionalism Conflict Theory Symbolic

21. Functionalist Perspective Reminder!
Based upon the assumption that society is a stable, orderly system with interrelated parts that serve specific functions
Don’t need to write unless forgot

22. Functionalist Perspective
Culture helps people meet their needs
Anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski suggests that
Biological needs (eg. food, procreation)
Instrumental needs (eg. law, education)
Integrative needs (eg. religion, art)

23. Functionalist Perspective
Societies where people share a common language & core values are more likely to have consensus and harmony
Functionalist Perspective

24. Functionalist Perspective
All societies, however, have dysfunctions
Inequalities among class, racial and gender lines contribute to problems
Also, multiple subcultures can lead to lack of consensus about core values
How are these problems resolved?
Resolution of problems comes with education about the value of cultural diversity

25. Conflict Perspective Reminder
Social life is a continuous struggle in which members of powerful groups seek to control scarce resources.
Values and norms help create and sustain the privileged position of the powerful.
Don’t need to write unless forgot

26. Conflict Perspective
According to Karl Marx, ideas are cultural creations
It is therefore possible society’s leaders to use ideology – that is, a system of ideas that guides the way people think and act – to maintain their positions of dominance in a society

27. Symbolic Interactionism Reminder!
Examines society as the sum of all people’s interactions
People create, maintain and modify culture as they go about their day- to-day activities.

28. Symbolic Interactionism
Our culture’s values and norms do not automatically determine our behavior
Rather, we re-interpret these values and norms with each situation we come across - our values and norms are constantly changing.

29. Symbolic Interactism Originally meant only as an “exchange”
Now, an end in itself. Wealth re- defined
Georg Simmel suggested that eventually culture takes on a life of its own – and begins to control us instead.
For example, people initially created money as a means of exchange. It is a social construct that was designed to facilitate economies.
Now, however, money has taken on a new meaning: it has become an end in itself (ie. material wealth), rather than a means to an end (ie. facilitating the exchange of goods and services).
Not only goods and services, but even people have a relative “worth” applied to them:
Bill Gates – $50 billion
Oprah Winfrey - $2.5 billion

30. Cultural Mosaic

31. Cultural Mosaic Pick minimum of 8
Family
Education
Economic
Political
Language
Sports
Shelter
Clothing for special occasions
Music
Manners
Food
Values
Other Features

32. Assignment : Culture Web