1. Pyroptosis Current Biology
Lieselotte Vande Walle, Mohamed Lamkanfi 
Current Biology 
Volume 26, Issue 13, Pages R568-R572 (July 2016)
DOI: /j.cub
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Composition of inflammasome complexes.
A subset of NOD-like receptors (NLRs), Nlrp3, Nlrp1b and Nlrc4, as well as the cytosolic DNA sensor absent in melanoma 2, AIM2 and the protein product of mediterranean fever (MEFV), Pyrin are known to engage well-defined inflammasomes to which caspase-1 is recruited directly or through the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC).
Current Biology  , R568-R572DOI: ( /j.cub )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Molecular mechanisms of inflammasome activation and induction of pyroptosis.
Activation of inflammasomes and induction of pyroptosis require a two-step mechanism. The first step is the priming step in which pro-inflammatory mediators, like proIL-1β, Nlrp3 and caspase-11, are transcriptionally generated. The second step is the activation step in which the inflammasome is assembled and caspase-1 is activated. Active caspase-1 proteolytically matures proIL-1β and proIL-18 into their active forms and induces pyroptosis partially through cleavage of gasdermin D. Independent of caspase-1, caspase-11 is activated through direct sensing of intracellular LPS in the cytoplasm of infected cells, and promotes pyroptosis through gasdermin D cleavage. Pyroptosis features rapid plasma membrane rupture, resulting in the release of intracellular pathogens and pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, IL-18 and the alarmins HMGB1 and IL-1α.
Current Biology  , R568-R572DOI: ( /j.cub )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions