1. The Austrian Empire

2. Unrest many nationalities in the same empire
Metternich – The Carlsbad Decrees
Prevent undermining absolute monarchies
Censor newspapers etc…
European Revolutions  Unrest in Austria
Ferdinand I and Metternich abdicate

3. Emperor Franz Joseph I - 1848
Hungarian unrest – Magyars rebel
1866 – loses Austro-Hungarian War
Compromise of 1867
“The Dual Monarchy”

4. Shared Federal Government
“Dual Monarchy”
Franz Joseph I
Emperor of Austria
King of Hungary
Shared Federal Government
Separate Parliaments

5. The Ottoman Empire In decline since 1600s
Early 1800s – losing territory/power
1830 Greek Inependence

6. “The Eastern Question”
What if OE fell?
Who would control Constantinople?
Russia wants port on Mediterranean
French + British support OE vs. Russia, afraid of Russia gaining power

7. GB, France, Ottomans Vs. Russia
The Crimean War
GB, France, Ottomans Vs. Russia
Accomplished next to nothing
500,000 dead
Modern medicine introduced to Battlefield

9. The Balkan Wars Congress of Berlin
Russia still wants Mediterranean port
Serbs, Romanians, Greeks, Bulgarians, Albanians want independence
Congress of Berlin
Bismarck pushes Russia back
Balkans divided up leads to ethnic conflicts

11. The Young Turks Fight against Sultan of Ottoman Empire
Liberal, want reforms
Education Improves, more representation, individual liberties

17. Ottoman Empire at the Start of WWI