1. Stanford Linear Accelerator
Accelerator Physics –design, build, maintain
High Energy Physics – particle physics
Astrophysics and Cosmology

2. Accelerator Physics Design, build, and run forefront accelerators
New acceleration technologies
Improvements in efficiency and reliability of existing technologies
A science in its own right!
Also a set of very challenging engineering problems.

3. What is an accelerator?
A wave guide--accelerator structure A microwave generator –klystron A particle source -- electron gun A steering mechanism—magnets

4. Electrons surf the electric field wave

5. SLAC

6. Accelerators as X-ray sources
Basic concept – when fast moving electrons are deflected by magnets they radiate photons
Synchrotron radiation –bending magnets in storage ring (synchrotron)
Wigglers and undulators – additional magnets placed along straight section to “wiggle” the beam to make x-ray photons

7. LCLS Undulator

8. Particle or High Energy physics
to understand the basic constituents of matter
and the interactions between them
--in answering these questions we are probing deeply into the workings of the Universe

9. Why high energy? 1. Energy is inversely proportional to wavelength
Wavelength defines resolution
--scale at which we can see
2. High energy allows us to produce new (more massive) particle types

10. Particle Physics Experiments
BaBar –the B factory at SLAC
experiment completed,
data still being analyzed
–“Large Hadron Collider”
at CERN (Switzerland)
began running this year

11. Particle detectors
a multilayered set of components (each layer has its own technologies and experts)
detect and identify all particles produced in a collision
measure as accurately as possible the momentum and energy of each particle
www2.slac.stanford.edu/vvc/detectors.html

12. Particle Physics B Factory –BaBar Detector
studying the difference in the
laws of physics for
matter
and
antimatter

13. BaBar Collaboration

14. Matter and antimatter in the Universe
Laws of physics for matter and antimatter are very similar
Universe contains lots of matter, very little antimatter
How did that come about?

15. ATLAS @LHC One of two very large detectors for experiments at LHC
Particle physicists hope for all kinds of discoveries with this machine
Higgs particle ?
Super-partner particles???
Indications of new dimensions
of space????????

16. Astrophysics -- KIPAC Kavli Institute for
Studying the Dark Energy of the Universe
                                                                                       
Studying the Dark Energy of the Universe
                                                                                       
Studying the Dark Energy of the Universe
                                                                                       
Kavli Institute for
Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
experiments
and
theory

17. Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
Astronomy –observing and cataloguing the objects
Astrophysics—providing physical models for what produces the observed phenomena
“Particle Astrophysics” –that part of astrophysics where the phenomena are dominantly particle physics effects
Cosmology –providing a physical model for the evolution of the universe

18. Some Particle Astrophysics questions
What is dark matter?
What produces the highest energy cosmic rays? X-rays?
How do supernova explosions produce neutrinos?
What causes the expansion of the Universe to be speeding up?
(or what is dark energy?)

20. Fermi Gamma Space Telescope
launched
June
detector built at SLAC

22. LSST Large Synoptic Survey telescope
Under design –telescope to be built in Chile
SLAC will compete to build camera
--largest ever digital camera
3.2 gigapixels!

23. Challenges for all this science
Invention of new devices
Precision engineering and control
Making sense of large quantities of data
Simulations
Theory