1. Substation Automation System
Khorasan Regional Electric Company
Ministry of Energy of Iran
Presented By:
Hanieh Esmaeeli
November 8th.2012

2. Infrastructure

3. Electrical Protection
System: collection of different parts
Automation system:
Numeric & Computerized equipment
Substation Automation
System:
interaction
Joint task
Centralized
Distributed
Electrical Protection
Monitoring
Control
measurement
Data Communication
Numeric Technology
&
Communication System

4. The core ingredients of a power system automation system
SAS
The core ingredients of a power system automation system
are local intelligence, data communications and supervisory control, and monitoring

5. Concentration of data processing
centralized
Petrochemical and refinery
Central computer
Controller was a medium between Field Instrument and Central computer
Defect
Concentration of data processing

6. DCS

7. DCS (Distributed Control Centers)
Data processing is divided
Controllers are connected
Process Control System
Performance
Deterministic
Fault Tolerant
Security

8. DCS Architecture

10. Field Level Lowest level are field instrument and actuators1
Lowest level are field instrument and actuators
I/O is not necessary
Classic
Field Bus

11. Control level 2
Protocol
Physical Interface

12. Engineering Station Monitoring level3
The process control is done by operators
Terminal Bus
Engineering Station 4

13. Operating Station 5
Media 6
Type is depend on the Protocols

14. IED 7
Controllers
Digital relays
RTU
Meters
GPS 8

15. For more reliability we use Redundant server
Communication type
1. Client/Server
For more reliability we use Redundant server

17. Communication type cont’d
2. Stand-alone Station
Share job:
Alarm logging
Alarm archiving
Data storing
Powerful Computers

18. Proposed DCS system

19. Protocols

20. Protocols
The distributed network protocol is a data acquisition protocol used mostly in the electrical and utility industries. It is designed as an open, interoperable, and simple protocol specifically for SCADA controls systems.
Important factors in SAS
Optimal performance in substation functions

21. Data transmission
The need for all this information to be added to the raw message can, and did, lead to a lot of confusion and incompatibility between different devices on the network.

22. OSI Model
The open system interconnection (OSI) model was developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) to provide a universally applicable structure for communication applications.
The OSI model consists of a seven-layer stack onto which the message is modulated. The way in which the seven layers is applied

23. mechanical characteristics of the physical interface
Functional of activate, maintain, and deactivate
Application
Provide synchronization (start/stop, length) and error control (detection and correction) for the information transmitted
Network
Means to establish, maintain, and terminate the connections between stations
transport
End-to-end control and information interchange with the level of reliability that is required for the application
session
Dialog requirements on the bus, determining who is allowed to talk, handling start/stop talking commands and communication relationships
presentation
Coding or ‘language’ of the information.
application
Serves the end-user, the AP, by providing the information to support
the AP and manage the communication

24. Tele-Control Protocols
IEC protocol (from RTU to Control Center communication
IEC protocol (for communication between IEDs in a Substation)
IEC protocol
MODBUS Protocol ( MFTs)
DNP 3.0 Protocol (Serial)---Master Station
DNP 3.0 Protocol (TCP/IP)---Master Station
IEC protocol (for Substation Automation)

25. In the Present of SCADA system
IEC for data acquisition from RTUs/SAS
IEC for data exchange between control centers