1. Rocks

2. A solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals.
What is a rock?
A solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals.

3. The process of one rock type changing into another
The Rock Cycle
The process of one rock type changing into another

5. Lava
Magma

6. Composition
Determined by the kinds of minerals the rock is made of

7. Texture
Determined by the sizes, shapes and positions of the grains that make the rock.
Fine-grained, medium grained, coarse grained

9. Science Log What are the three types of rocks?
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11. Igneous Rocks
Magma cools and forms rocks

12. Composition –water, oxygen, CO2
3 ways a rock can melt
Temperature
Pressure
Composition –water, oxygen, CO2

13. Felsic Light colored Less dense
Silicon, aluminum, sodium, and potassium

14. Felsic
Granite
Rhyolite

15. Mafic
Dark colored
More dense
Iron, magnesium and calcium

16. Mafic
Gabbro
Basalt

17. The slower the rate of the magma cooling The more crystals grow
The coarser the texture of the rock
The bigger the crystals

18. Intrusive Igneous Rock
Rock formed beneath(in) the earth
Coarse-grained( cooled slowly
Large or many crystals

19. Common intrusive shapes
Plutons-large irregular shaped intrusive bodies
Batholiths-largest of intrusive bodies
Stocks-exposed over smaller areas than batholiths
Dikes-sheet-like intrusions that cut across rock
sills-sheet-like intrusions that are parallel to other intrusions.

20. Extrusive Igneous Rock
Formed on the surface(outside) the earth
Fine grained
Few or no crystals

22. Formed by compaction of layers of sediments
Sedimentary Rock
Formed by compaction of layers of sediments
Strata or stratification-layers of sediments

23. Three kinds of sedimentary rock
Clastic- made from fragments of rock
Chemical- made from solution of minerals
Organic-forms from fossils of dead animals or plants

24. Structure, texture and composition for rock is changed
Metamorphic Rock
Structure, texture and composition for rock is changed
Changed by heat and pressure

25. Rock comes in contact with magma ( intrusive igneous)
Contact metamorphism
Rock comes in contact with magma ( intrusive igneous)

26. Regional metamorphism
Earth’s crust collides causing pressure and heat

27. Texture of metamorphic rock
Foliated- mineral grains are aligned ( lines)

28. Non-foliated-lack of aligned layers ( no lines)
Large crystals of the same mineral