1. The First World War in the East

2. August 1914- the war in the East began with Russian attacks against Austria Hungary and Germany

3. Tannenberg, August 1914- Russian attack ends in epic disaster

4. However, Austria Hungary’s attacks against Serbia and Russia ended in defeat and retreat

5. 1915- New German attacks lead to Russia’s great retreat

6. Tsar Nicholas takes over the army Rasputin- Left at home to cause trouble

7. In 1916- the Russians made a new attack- the Brusilov offensive
In the Russians made a new attack- the Brusilov offensive. It worked only too well- causing the Germans to increase aid to A-H and brought the liability of Romania on the Allied side

8. On the home front in Russia
Revolution foments…
Food shortages at home
Prices skyrocketed
Working Conditions
Not being paid/low wages, 13 hour days
Workers strike

9. By 1917 the Russians were in full retreat

10. February/March Revolution: Women strike for bread
February/March Revolution: Women strike for bread. “Peace and Bread” and “Down with Autocracy” Soldiers join demonstrators. Duma meets and demands that the tsar abdicates (give up) his throne.

11. Summer 1917: Provisional Government decides to continue the war in hope of an Allied victory
Lenin returns to Russia
“Peace, Land, and Bread”
Revitalizes Bolsheviks.
Bolshevik Revolution:
October/November 1917: Bolshevik Red Guards
take control of the Provisional Government.
Lenin reallocates all land to farmers;
gives control of the factories.

12. March 3, 1918: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: Signs truce with Germany giving them Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Romania – Western Russia.

13. July 17, 1918 – Nicolas and Alexandra and family executed.
Civil War breaks out between “Reds” and “Whites”

14. Other campaigns in the East- 1915- a failed landing against Turkey at Gallipoli

15. However the campaigns of Lawrence of Arabia eventually defeated the Turks

16. The war in Italy dragged on for three years with little changes in territory and lots of deaths

17. Serbia was finally subdued, and Allied intervention led to a “Balkan adventure” in Greece

18. When the armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, thousands of German troops were still in Russia, and Emperor Karl had withdrawn Austria-Hungary from the war.