1. Rise of Japan

3. Geography
Japan is located on an archipelago
Archipelago—Chain of islands

4. Japan consists of four main islands.
Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoko

5. The surrounding seas have protected and isolated Japan.

6. Japan is located along the “Ring of Fire”
Frequent earthquakes and volcanoes

7. Underwater earthquakes created tsunami that would swept across Japan
Tsunami—Large and dangerous tidal waves

8. Japanese Feudalism Emerges
Although the emperor was
Shogun—Supreme military commander

9. The Shogun distributed lands to daimyo
Daimyo—War lords who supported the Shogun in exchange for land and power

10. The daimyos granted land to the samurai.
Samurai—Fighting warriors who supported daimyos in support for land and power.

11. Daimyo, Emperor, Samurai, Shogun
Label each of the following on a hierarchy chart
Daimyo, Emperor, Samurai, Shogun

12. Artisians, Peasants, Merchants

13. Way of the Warrior
Samarai developed their own code, which emphasized honor, bravery, and absolute loyalty to one’s lord.

14. Samurai prepared themselves for the hardship
Going hungry
Walking barefoot across snow

15. If a samurai betrayed the code he was expected to commit suicide rather than live without honor.

16. During this time period most fighting took place between rival warlords.

17. However, the Mongols threatened Japan during the late Thirteenth Century.
Following their conquest of China and Korea the Mongols looked conquer Japan

18. The Japanese credited their victory to the kamikazi
Kamikazi—Divine winds

19. In 1274 and 1281, heavy winds destroyed Mongol ships attempting to reach Japan

20. Tokugawa Shogun
In 1600, Tokugawa shogun gained power in Japan.
Shoguns closed Japan to foreigners, and forbid Japanese from traveling overseas

21. Japan developed in isolation for over 200 years.
By the 1800s, the strength of the Shoguns faded and corruption became common.

22. Opening Up Japan
During this period, Europe and America became more involved in Asia.

23. During the 1830s and 1840s Britain defeated China in the Opium War.
As a result, China was forced to sign several lopsided treaties.

24. In 1853, American ships sailed to Japan.
Fearful of the U.S. Navy, the shogun agreed to open two Japanese ports.
European nations demanded and received similar rights.

25. Meiji Restoration
The Japanese resented the terms of these treaties.
In 1867, discontented daimyo and samurai led a revolt that unseated the shogun.

26. The period from 1868-1912 is known as the Meiji Restoration.
New leaders set out to study western ways, adapt them to Japanese needs, and eventually beat westerners at their own game.

27. Political, economic and social reforms were made during this period.

28. Meiji Restoration
Political
Economic
Social

29. Growing Military Strength
These reforms helped Japan become the strongest military in Asia.

30. In 1894, Japan defeated China during the Sino-Japanese War.
In 1905, Japan defeated Russia during the Russo-Japanese War.
In 1910, Japan annexed Korea.

32. Use pages 739 and 1005 to complete the map
Also label Manchuria

33. World War I
Japan joined World War I on the side of Great Britain and France
During World War I, Japan seized German outposts in China and islands in the Pacific

34. Paris Peace Conference
Although the Allies won World War I, Japan felt discriminated against due to race.

35. By the 1920s Japan began to face severe challenges

36. During the 1920s the Japanese economy began to slow.
In 1923, an earthquake nearly destroyed Tokyo, killing 140,000 people
Tensions between the government and the military heightened.

37. The Great Depression began in 1929.
Starvation and unemployment spread across Japan.

38. When the government was unable to solve the problems of the Great Depression, the military gained more influence throughout Japan.
The Japanese government quickly lost control of the military.

39. Military leaders believed that the economic problems could be solved through aggressive expansionism.

40. Japanese expansionism focused on Manchuria, a region in northeastern China.
Manchuria possessed natural resources and valuable farmland.
In 1931, Japanese troops attacked Chinese troops in Manchuria.

41. The League of Nations ordered Japan to withdraw from Manchuria, but the Japanese army refused.
By the end of 1931, Japan occupied all of Manchuria.

42. The League of Nations response was slow and weak.
Stronger nations were unwilling to respond with force.
Weaker nations were unwilling to stop trading with Japan during difficult economic times.

43. In 1933, the League of Nations finally issued an official response demanding that Japan withdraw from Manchuria.

44. Japan quickly withdrew from the League of Nations and took over a small region south of Manchuria.

45. Japans invasion of Manchuria proved that the League of Nations possessed no real power.
Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler noted the League of Nations refusal to use force.

46. Following the invasion of Manchuria, Japan continued to expand into China.
By 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out between Japan and China.

47. Soon this war would become part of a larger, more deadly conflict.

48. Timeline
Terms
Reforms
Hierarchy