1. Single Port Access Renal Cryoablation (SPARC): A New Approach
Raj K. Goel, Jihad H. Kaouk 
European Urology 
Volume 53, Issue 6, Pages (June 2008)
DOI: /j.eururo
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
P Navel port with three working channels (Uni-X™ Single Port Access, Pnavel Systems, Inc).
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Illustration of transperitoneal cryoablation using a single port inserted through the umbilicus. Patient is in the modified 45-degree flank position.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Illustration of renal cryoablation. The cryoprobe is inserted through the single port channel and is positioned in the center of the tumor. A flexible tip laparoscope and a flexible grasper are used. The ultrasound probe is inserted along side the port through the same skin and facial incision.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
(a) CT scan demonstrating a 3.2-cm right posteromedial, upper pole enhancing endophytic renal tumor in a patient with a BMI of 56cm/kg2. (b) Post-operative day one following right retroperitoneal single port renal cryoablation using two cryoprobes. Note the ablation zone extending well beyond the tumor margin.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Intraoperative image of the umbilical Incision measuring 1.8cm used to insert the multichannel port.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2008 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions