1. Information Processing Model
Metacognition
rehearsal
rehearsal
attention
perception
Env.
Stim.
Long-term Memory
Sensory Memory
encoding
Working Memory
retrieval
Forgotten (perhaps recoverable)
Decay (lost)
Forgotten (lost)
Response

2. Perception
The set of psychological processes by which people recognize, organize, synthesize, and give meaning to the sensations received from environmental stimuli
Strongly influenced by ________________ ________________

3. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception
__________________
When perceiving a visual field, some objects (figures) seem prominent, and other aspects recede (ground)

4. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception
__________________
When we perceive an assortment of objects, we tend to see objects that are close to each other as forming a group

5. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception (cont.)
__________________
We tend to group objects on the basis of their similarity to each other

6. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception (cont.)
__________________
We tend to perceive smoothly flowing or continuous forms rather than disrupted or discontinuous ones

7. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception (cont.)
__________________
We tend to perceptually close up, or complete, objects that are not, in fact, complete

8. Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception (cont.)
__________________
We tend to perceive objects as forming mirror images about their center

9. Implications for Teachers
Check perceptions by _________________
about _________________________________

10. Attention Conscious or unconscious? Volitional or not?
The means by which we actively process a limited amount of information from the large amount of information available through our senses, stored memories, and other cognitive processes
Stroop effect

11. Attention (cont.) Process of focusing on a stimulus or on stimuli
Severe bottleneck
Keys are ____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Working Memory aka short-term memory (STM)
Transfer from sensory memory to working- memory is governed by attention

13. Working Memory ______________________ ____________________
_______________________

14. Characteristics of WM Duration (trace life) Capacity (for storage)
Nature of the code

15. Capacity Limited: ________________ (Miller, 1956)
Ways around limitations:
____________________