1. Overview of Chapter 9

2. 9.1 Manipulating DNA Scientists can manipulate DNA to make more of it
Bacteria have enzymes that can cut DNA into pieces
Use these enzymes against viruses
Enzymes cut DNA at “restriction sites”

4. Gel electrophoresis
Runs DNA segments of different sizes through gel

6. How does it work? What are the charges at each end of each gel?
What charge is the DNA going to be attracted to?
Which DNA segments are going to travel faster through the gel? Smaller or larger?

8. 9.2 Copying DNA Sometimes we only get a small sample of DNA at a time
Crime scenes, mouth swabs, skin samples, etc, etc…
What process is used to make more DNA from a small sample?

9. Polymerase Chain Reaction
Commonly known as PCR

10. 9.3 DNA fingerprinting
This is what the CSI crew used to “analyze” the evidence
Represents individual parts of a persons DNA
Everyone’s DNA is different

11. Does this look familiar?

12. What it actually looks like…

13. DNA fingerprinting has many purposes
What are some examples we could use DNA fingerprinting for?

14. 9.4 Genetic Engineering
What is the first thing that comes to mind when you think of genetic engineering?
Why would we want to do these things in the first place?

15. Cloning

16. Recombinant DNA This is used to add genes from one organism to another
The resulting organism is considered a GMO
Genetically Modified Organism
Transgenic

19. Other stuff Human Genome Project Genetic Screening and Gene Therapy
Gene therapy is attempting to replace faulty genes.