1. © Students of History - http://www. teacherspayteachers

2. Alliance of Caesar, Crassus, & Pompey
Lasted from 60 B.C. – 53 B.C.
Combines the abilities of 3 powerful men:
Caesar: enormous popularity and great legal reputation
Crassus: great wealth and influence within the Equestrian order
Pompey: great spectacular wealth and military reputation

3. Caesar wins great victories in Gaul
Crassus dies after losing a battle in Persia
Pompey is elected consul but is jealous of Caesar’s fame & success

4. Pompey thinks that Caesar’s popularity will make him consul
Tells Caesar to disband his army & report home
Caesar agreed to resign if Pompey did also
The Senate demands he immediately disband his army & return hom

5. Caesar denies the request and marches his army across the Rubicon River
This is a sign of war
Caesar has committed treason by crossing the Rubicon with his army
“Ilia iacta est.” (“The die has been cast.”)

6. Pompey & the Senate’s legions fight Caesar’s in Greece
Pompey is defeated and flees to Egypt
Caesar’s men find him and kill him
Caesar continues on toward Egypt

7. Caesar defeated Ptolemy's army
Makes Cleopatra the ruling pharaoh
Falls in love with her and she gives birth to his son, Caesarion

8. Caesar returns to Rome & is elected dictator for life
Helps the poor get jobs
Expands Rome’s territory
Increases soldier’s salaries
Creates the Julian Calendar

9. The Senate is upset about how much power he has
Caesar sees an oracle who tells him “Beware of the Ides of March”
Caesar is stabbed 23 times by his closest friends, Brutus and Cassius
“…et tu, Brute?”

10. Assassination of Julius Caesar (100-44 B. C. ) in Roman Senate
Assassination of Julius Caesar ( B.C.) in Roman Senate. Painting (19th century), by Vincenzo Camuccini.

11. Caesar’s friend Mark Antony, adopted son Octavian, & the politician Lepidus Form the Second Triumvirate
But then they turn on each other and Octavian defeats Marc Antony
Octavian becomes the first Roman Emperor and changes his name to Caesar Augustus

12. Antony also met and fell in love with Cleopatra
They had several children together
When Antony realized he was defeated he committed suicide
Cleopatra killed herself soon after

13. Who would you consider the heroes in this story and who are the villains? Explain your reasoning for each.