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Introduction to computers
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Computer A machine that can execute a programmed list of instructions
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hardware Objects on the computer that you can actually touch: disk drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, mouse
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software Computer instructions that are stored electronically
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input Information put into a computer
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output Information that comes out of a computer
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Program An organized list of instructions that, when executed, causes the computer to behave in a predetermined manner ***Without programs, computers are useless
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application A program (or group of programs) designed for use by the end user Also referred to as APP
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programmer A person who writes computer programs
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compiler A program that processes statements written in a programming language and turns them into machine language or "code" that a computer can use
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bug An error in a computer program that causes it to produce an unexpected result
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debug Identify and remove errors from computer software
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binary A number system that has 2 rather than 10 as a base
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bit A basic unit of information in computing
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Byte A unit of data that is eight binary digits (bits) long
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data A collection of information
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database A structured set of data
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file A collection of data or information that has a name
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storage A place where data is held in a computer
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Hard drive A data storage device on a computer
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Operating system The most important program that runs on a computer It manages all of the other programs that run on the computer
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cpu Central Processing Unit The ‘brains’ of the computer where most of the calculations take place
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memory The process by which data is encoded, stored, and retrieved on a computer
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printer Any device that prints text or pictures on paper
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monitor A display screen used to provide visual output from a computer
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mouse A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen
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Compact disk (CD) A small plastic disc on which music or other digital information is stored, and from which the information can be read using reflected laser light
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Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)
Similar to a CD but it can hold more information
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network A group of two or more computer systems linked together.
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internet A global network connecting millions of computers
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Modem A device that enables a computer to transmit data over telephone lines A modem converts the data between digital and analog ***Short for modulator-demodulator
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router Device that forwards data packets along networks Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect
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bandwidth Amount of data that can be sent over your Internet connection per second This is an indication of how fast your connection is
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protocol The official set of rules governing how computers communicate with each other
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IP address Internet Protocol Address A series of numbers that tells us where a particular device is on the Internet network
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Hyperlink/hypertext A word, phrase, or image that you can click on to jump to a new document or a new section within the current document
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World wide web (WWW) A worldwide collection of electronic documents connected by hyperlinks
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browser Software application used to locate, retrieve and display content on the World Wide Web
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website A connected group of pages on the World Wide Web regarded as a single entity, usually maintained by one person or organization
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Home page The introductory page of a website, typically serving as a table of contents for the site
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icon A small picture or symbol on a computer screen that you point to and click on and it performs a function
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Uniform resource locator (URL)
Storing and accessing data and programs over the internet instead of the computer hard drive
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Search engine Software that searches the Internet for documents that contain a key word, phrase, or subject
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Cloud computing Storing and accessing data and programs over the internet instead of the computer hard drive
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spyware Software that enables a user to obtain information about another's computer activities by obtaining and transmitting data secretly from their hard drive
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Digital footprint A trail of data you create while using the Internet. In includes the websites you visit, s you send, and information you submit to online services
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