1. Figure 3 Ascending pain pathways and the brain regions involved
Figure 3 | Ascending pain pathways and the brain regions involved. The pathways demonstrate the extent of interconnectivity of the thalamus and why this region is, therefore, a promising target for the treatment of pain and other disorders. ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; BG, basal ganglia; HT, hypothalamus; PAG, periaqueductal grey; PB, parabrachial nuclei; PPC, parietal cortex; PFC, prefrontal cortex; PCC, posterior cingulate cortex; M1, primary motor cortex; S1, primary somatosensory cortex; S2, secondary somatosensory cortex; SMA, supplementary motor area. Permission obtained from John Wiley and Sons © Apkarian, A. V. et al. Eur. J. Pain 9, 463–484 (2005).
Permission obtained from John Wiley and Sons © Apkarian, A. V. et al. Eur. J. Pain 9, 463–484 (2005).
Götz, J. et al. (2016) Ultrasound treatment of neurological diseases — current and emerging applications
Nat. Rev. Neurol. doi: /nrneurol