1. National World War Two Memorial, Washington D. C.
Causes of World War II
National World War Two Memorial, Washington D. C.

2. We will study 4 aspects of WWII
The war in Europe against Germany and Italy
The war in Asia with Japan
Hitler’s rise to power
The Holocaust

3. Why Do Wars Occur? -

4. What caused WWII in Europe?
Germany wanted back what she lost from WWI, and revenge (ToV)
Depression and Dictators
Appeasement – Great Britain and France gave Hitler land w/o fighting for it.
Hitler and his hidden agenda - Holocaust

5. Treaty of Versailles – end of WWI
The main points of the Treaty [BRAT]  
Germany had to accept the Blame for starting the war
Germany paid Reparations for the damage done during the war.

6. Versailles cont. .
Germany was forbidden to have submarines or an air force.  
She could have a navy of only six battleships, and an Army of just 100,000 men.  

7. Versailles Germany lost Territory (land) in Europe.
Germany’s colonies were given to Britain and France.

9. Depression in 1920s Europe Economy was bad in Europe
WWI killed a lot of workers and customers
After years of humiliation and starvation, Germans looked for a strong leader.

10. NAZIs elected to power!
Nazis promised to build up their army and get revenge for the WWI ↑
This concept, along with the Great Depression, made it easy for dictators to rule

11. Dictators: The BIG FIVE
Hitler – Germany
Mussolini - Italy
Tojo - Japan
Stalin – Russia
Franco - Spain

12. Dictators Challenge World Peace
In the 1930s Spain, Germany, Italy, and Japan pursued aggressive goals for empire

13. Dictators Challenge World Peace
Pacifism and the memory of WWI caused the leaders of Britain, France, Canada, and the US to avoid conflict through diplomacy

14. Dictators Challenge World Peace
Mussolini and Hitler viewed pacifism as weakness and responded with new acts of aggression

15. Aggression v Appeasement - What is:
 action of a state in violating by force the rights of another
particularly its  territorial rights
unprovoked  attack, invasion, or the like
Appeasement
to yield or concede to the demands of a nation/group/person in an effort to avoid conflict
sometimes at the expense of justice or other principles

16. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Japan seized Manchuria in 1931; the League of Nations condemned the act so Japan withdrew from the League

17. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Italy invaded Ethiopia; King Haile Selassie appealed in vain to the powerless League of Nations

18. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Hitler re-built the German military and sent troops into the Rhineland; in response, Western democracies did nothing to stop him

19. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Many in Britain and France saw Hitler and fascism as a defense against the spread of Soviet communism
Goering, Chamberlain, Mussolini, Daladier, Hitler in Munich

20. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Congress passed Neutrality Acts with the goal of avoiding US involvement in a European war

21. Aggression vs. Appeasement
Germany, Italy, and Japan formed the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, agreeing to fight Soviet communism
Tojo, Hitler, and Mussolini

22. German Aggression Continues
Hitler began the Anschluss, or union of Austria and Germany

23. German Aggression Continues
At the 1938 Munich Conference, Britain and France chose appeasement and allowed Germany to seize the Sudetenland

24. German Aggression Continues
British prime minister Neville Chamberlain announced that he had achieved "peace for our time”
Chamberlain holds up the treaty with Hitler, which he claimed would ensure "peace for our time."
Winston Churchill remarked of the treaty: “They had to choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor; they will have war."

25. German Aggression Continues
March Hitler seized the rest of CZ. Britain and France realized appeasement had failed and promise to protect Poland

26. German Aggression Continues
August Hitler signed a nonaggression
pact with Joseph Stalin, secretly dividing up
Poland
Moscow, August 23, Soviet Foreign Commissar, Vyacheslav Molotov, signs the German-Soviet nonaggression pact. Joachim von Ribbentrop and Josef Stalin stand behind him

28. German Aggression Continues
Sept Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Germany - World War II had begun