1. Exploitation, Child Pornography, & Child Molestation
CJ 520
12.0

2. Paraphilia Psychosexual disorder
Recurrent, intense sexual arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors that involve:
Nonhuman objects
Suffering or humiliation
Children, other non-consenting persons
Occurs over a period of six months

3. Types of Paraphilia Exhibitionism - exposure Fetishism - objects
Pedophilia - children
Sexual masochism - self-pain
Sexual sadism - partner-pain
Voyeurism - watching

4. Pedophile Characteristics
Sexual in nature
Highly addictive
Compulsive & repetitive
Very difficult to treat
Unstopped by self-control/self-discipline
Only a crime if urge is acted on

5. Pedophile’s Method of Operation (MO)
Highly repetitive & predictable behaviors
Sexual Ritual - repeatedly engaging in an act or series of acts in a certain manner because of sexual need
Ritual is necessary to offender
Increases probability of identification, apprehension & conviction - need-driven mistakes
Very hard for offender to change behavior

6. Pedophiles use of the Internet
Trafficking in child pornography
Locating children to molest
Engaging in inappropriate communications with children
Communicating with other pedophiles

7. Some Pedophile Groups - Some on the Web
North American Man - Boy Love Association - NAMBLA
The Rene Guyon Society
Childhood Sensuality Circle - CSC
Pedophiliacs Anonymous - PAN
Pedophile Information Exchange - PIE
Pedophile Action for Liberation - PAL
Pedophile Alliance League - P.A.L.
The Lewis Carroll Collectors Guild
Howard Nichols Society

8. Illegal Sexual Activity involving Computers
Producing or possessing child pornography
Uploading or downloading child pornography
Soliciting sex with “children”
Traders - online child pornographers
Travelers - those who solicit sex with children online

9. Legal Sexual Activity Validating deviant sexual behavior and interests
Reinforcing deviant arousal patterns
Storing and sharing sexual fantasies
Lying about one’s age and identity

10. Legal Sexual Activity cont.
Collecting adult pornography that is not obscene
Disseminating “indecent” material, talking dirty, “cyber-sex”, and providing sex instructions
Injecting oneself into the “problem” of computer exploitation of children to rationalize interests

11. Minor
“Anyone under the age of 18 no matter what the age of consent in a state maybe”

12. Three Categories of Computer Offenders
Situational Offenders
Preferred Offenders
Miscellaneous Offenders

13. Situational Offenders
“Normal” adolescent/adult
Adolescent searching online for pornography
Morally indiscriminate
Power/anger motivated offender with violent offense history
Parents offering children for sex online
Profiteers
Low-risk, high- income trafficking in child pornography
Behavior not long-term, persistent, or predictable as Preferential offenders

14. Preferred Offenders Pedophile offender Diverse offender
Sexual preference for children
Diverse offender
Sexually indiscriment
Latent individuals
Recently acting out when inhibitions are weakened by online communications

15. Miscellaneous Offenders
Media Reporters
Trafficking in child porn &/or arrange meetings for exposé
Pranksters
Disseminate false information to target a victim
“Older” boyfriends
Late teen, early twenty involved with adolescent - male or female
Overzealous citizens
Members of society who go overboard with a private investigation

16. Evidence Screen name Screen profile Accuracy of profile
Length of time active
Amount of time spent online
Number of transmissions
Number of files
Number of file originated
Number of files forwarded
Number of files received
Number of recipients
Site of communication
Theme of messages and chat
Theme of pornography

17. Child Exploitation
“Possession, manufacture and distribution of child pornography; online enticement of children for sexual acts; child prostitution; child sex tourism and; child sexual molestation. ”

18. Types of Exploitation Child pornography Child prostitution Kidnapping
Sex tourism
Luring a child online
Using a child for sexual gratification
Global problem

19. Long Term Effects of the Victims of Child Exploitation
Violent and emotional trauma
Fear
Intimidation
Lose of trust
Delinquency, criminal behavior
Drug/alcohol abuse
Abusive behaviors of other children
25% of child exploiters are other children

20. Sex Tourism
“traveling to a foreign country with the intent to engage in sexual activity with a child”

21. Sex Tourism Characteristics
Men in western countries
Visit developing/3rd world counties
To engage in illegal sex practices
Internet – primary facilitator
Important source of income for countries w/ weak economies

22. Sex Tourism Laws 18 U.S.C. § 2423 TRANSPORTATION OF MINORS
(a) Transportation with intent to engage in criminal sexual activity. A person who knowingly transports an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years in interstate or foreign commerce, or in any commonwealth, territory or possession of the United States, with intent that the individual engage in prostitution, or in any sexual activity for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense, shall be fined under this title and imprisoned not less than 10 years or for life.   (b) Travel with intent to engage in illicit sexual conduct. A person who travels in interstate commerce or travels into the United States, or a United States citizen or an alien admitted for permanent residence in the United States who travels in foreign commerce, for the purpose of engaging in any illicit sexual conduct with another person shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.   (c) Engaging in illicit sexual conduct in foreign places. Any United States citizen or alien admitted for permanent residence who travels in foreign commerce, and engages in any illicit sexual conduct with another person shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.   (d) Ancillary offenses. Whoever, for the purpose of commercial advantage or private financial gain, arranges, induces, procures, or facilitates the travel of a person knowing that such a person is traveling in interstate commerce or foreign commerce for the purpose of engaging in illicit sexual conduct shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.   (e) Attempt and conspiracy. Whoever attempts or conspires to violate subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) shall be punishable in the same manner as a completed violation of that subsection.   (f) Definition. As used in this section, the term "illicit sexual conduct" means (1) a sexual act (as defined in section 2246 [18 USCS § 2246]) with a person under 18 years of age that would be in violation of chapter 109A [18 USCS §§ 2241 et seq.] if the sexual act occurred in the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States; or (2) any commercial sex act (as defined in section 1591 [18 USCS § 1591]) with a person under 18 years of age.   (g) Defense. In a prosecution under this section based on illicit sexual conduct as defined in subsection (f)(2), it is a defense, which the defendant must establish by a preponderance of the evidence, that the defendant reasonably believed that the person with whom the defendant engaged in the commercial sex act had attained the age of 18 years.

23. Category of Sex Tourists
Preferential abuser
Pedophile
Situational Abuser
Opportunity arises
Abuser’s justifications
Child has ‘chosen’ that ‘profession’
Child chooses to do this so child is consenting
Child ultimately benefits monetarily
Victim is ‘inferior’, deserving of exploitation

24. “Depictions of minors in sexual acts or provocative poses”
Child Pornography
“Depictions of minors in sexual acts or provocative poses”

25. How the Internet Changed Child Porn
Mid 1980’s - Child porn almost wiped out
Internet & technology allows
Cheap, easy creation of child porn
Anonymous distribution
Available through all Net channels (IRC, P2P, web pages, )

26. Dangers Associated with Child Porn
Single most distinct characteristic of child molester
Used by molester to ‘normalize’ behavior
Long term use leads to desensitization
Used by terrorist groups to exchange information -

27. How do Pedophiles use Child Pornography
Source of pride
Sexual gratification
Feed/create sexual fantasies
Training/grooming potential victims
Lower potential victim’s inhibitions
Blackmail victim into silence
Profit
Barter with other pedophiles

28. Child Molestation
“And sexual behavior or activity that is abusive or nonconsensual toward a child – or sexual behavior that is specifically prohibited by state/federal law”

29. Child Molester vs. Pedophile
Pedophile may not be a child molester
Pedophile desires / fantasizes about sex with children, but may never act on desire
Child molester may not be a pedophile
Child molester may have sex with a child because of:
Curiosity
Availability
Opportunity
Desire to hurt child’s loved one

30. Child Molester Characteristics
Male
Adolescent - most molestations
Adult - more victims w/ greater frequency
Good at finding vulnerable children
Low self-esteem
Bad home life
Economically/socially disadvantaged
Communicates with child at child’s level

31. Child Molester Characteristics cont.
Known to child
Trusted adult
Family member
Use a combination of deception, desensitization, & psychological conditioning to lure potential victim - Grooming
Be friendly - reward w/ gifts & money
Friendly trusting relationship w/ caregiver
When relationship established, molestation begins
May have several victims at different stages

32. Necessary Steps for Molester
Must have motivation to sexually abuse a child
Must overcome the molester’s internal inhibitions of molestation
Must overcome external impediments to abuse
Must have child available with no supervision
Must overcome avoidance/resistance by child

33. Overcoming Victim’s Avoidance
Show child adult porn
Arouse curiosity
Educate child
Show child child &/or deviant porn
Other children doing it
Continue child’s exposure to porn
Desensitize victim
Convince child to allow molester to kiss/touch child
Sex between child & molester

34. Preferential Molester Characteristics
More intelligent
Higher socio/economic bracket
Criminal behavior
Deviant sexual need - paraphilia
Scripted, compulsive, fantasy driven
Repeated fantasy creates need
Make “needy” mistakes
Pornography related to pedophilia

35. Situational Molester Characteristics
Victimize children, but not a pedophile
Child is available
Have control over/live with child
Think they can get away with it
Curiosity
Non-sexual need - power/anger/revenge
Less intelligent
Lower socio/economic class
Opportunistic/impulsive
Make stupid &/or sloppy mistakes
Pornography, if collected, often violent in nature

36. Knowing the type of offender will assist in the investigation