1. Importance of Water
“Water, water , every where And All the boards did shrink; Water , water every where, Nor any drop to drink.”

2. Role of Water in Human Development
Food security , Hygiene and economic growth
SURVIVAL
Ecological
Security
Water

3. World Water Distribution
Different natural spheres
Water volume
(thousand sq.km)
% of the total volume
World Ocean
13,70,323
93.96
Underground water
64,000
4.39
Glaciers
24,000
1.65
Lake
280
0.019
Soil Moisture 85
0.006
Atmospheric Vapor 14
0.001
River water
1.2
0.0001

4. Water Resource of India
Sr.no.
Source
km3 /mm3 1
Annual precipitation including snowfall.
4000 Km3 2
Runoff/ surface water
1869km3 3
Utilizable surface water
690.4 km3 4
Ground water
431.4 Km3 5
Total utilizable ( surface & ground water)
1121.7km3

5. Some facts about India
1.India roughly accounts for about 2.5 per cent of landmass.
2.16 per cent of world population.
per cent fresh water resources.
4.Due to increase in population, the total annual renewable fresh water available is being reduced from 5,177 cum(1951) to 1,342 9(2000) cum per person.

6. Causes of drinking water problem in India
Major causes;
1.Population explosion
2.Pollution
3. Migration
4. Climate change

7. Provision of Drinking Water in Constitution of India
Sr.No.
Article
provision 1. 21
Protection of life.. 2. 47
Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and standard of living and to improve public health 3.
243 G(11)
Drinking water 4.
243 W(5)
Water supply for domestic ; industrial & Commercial purpose

8. National water policy of India (1987, 2002 & 2012)
Water allocation priorities to be broadly as below;
1. Drinking water
2. Irrigation
3. Hydropower
4. Navigation
5. Industrial & other uses

9. Water Demand of India Sector Water demand in km3 in (or BCM) NCIWRD
Standing sub-committee of MoWR
NCIWRD
Year
2010
2025
2050
Irrigation
688
910
1072
557
611
807
Drinking water 56 73
102 43 62
111
Industry 12 23 63 37 67 81
Energy 05 15
130 19 33 70
Other 52 72 80 54
Total
813
1093
1447
710
843
1180