1. Philip II
His empire never saw the sun set
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2. His biography Parents: Charles I & Isabella of Portugal.
Born in Valladolid, May 21st, 1527.
Died in Madrid, September 13th, 1598.

3. What did we get from Philip II?

5. Monasterio de San Lorenzo del Escorial
World’s 8th wonder!
Burial place (cemetery) for the kings of Spain.
It was a palace, a church, a monastery, a burial.
Built between 1563 and 1584.

8. Philip II’s family

9. María Manuela Princess of Portugal.
Died 4 days after giving birth to their first son, Carlos.
Spain controlled Portugal and its lands until 1640 (East Indies; Brazil; Africa).

10. Mary I of England A Political marriage.
Philip II “jure uxoris” king of England & Ireland (by right of his wife)
“Bloody Mary” (daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragón).
Died in 1558 (no children).

11. Why was she called “Bloody Mary”?
The Protestants gave her that nickname.
Burnt at the stake up to 280 people.
Main & unique goal: England must be Catholic (after his father’s Reformation, Anglicanism).

12. Elizabeth of Valois Daugther to Henry II, king of France.
One son & 5 daughters (only two survived).
Died after giving birth to their last child (1568).

13. Anna of Austria Uncle/niece. 4 sons & 1 daughter.
Died in 1580, 8 months after giving birth to their last child.

14. Constant & different conflicts during Philip’s kingdom

15. There were constant wars:
Threat of Muslim invasion.
Secession of the United Provinces (1581).
Wars in England & France (solution via marriages).
Morisco Revolt (1568).
The Aragonese revolt.
The religious conflicts continued: Catholic vs. Protestant.

16. By Philip II
The ups and downs of his kingdom
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17. The glory is with Philip II
The Battle of Lepanto
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18. The Battle of Lepanto Victory! October 7th, 1571.
The Saint League defeats the Ottoman turks.
Limited the presence of the Ottoman turks in the Mediterranean.

20. Who was the most famous contender in this battle?

22. After the Turks… the Flemish

25. The defeat of Philip II
The farewell to the Spanish Empire
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26. The Invincible Armada
1588
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27. A storm did it The nature was against Spain.
It supported the United Kingdom.

29. Battle of Rocoi (1643)