1. Hellenism The Spread of Greek Culture

2. Hellenism The Spread of Greek Culture
Philip of Macedonia
Macedonia was a small country north of Greece
In 359 BC, Philip became King of Macedonia
As a boy Philip was held hostage in Thebes for 3 years
He thought of himself as Greek
Philip as king
Created a professional army with full time paid soldiers
Equipped his soldiers with 18 foot lances, slingshots, and bows and arrows and used the phalanx formation
Bribed Greek officials to make decisions he wanted
Found ways for the city-states to fight each other
Made a treaty with a polis (sometimes through marriage: he had 7 wives) and then broke it
Invaded Greece in 338 BC and defeated Athens and Thebes to take control of Greece
In 336 BC, Philip was murdered.***

3. The Spread of Greek Culture

4. The Spread of Greek Culture

5. The Spread of Greek Culture
Alexander the Great
Son of King Philip
Was a student at Aristotle’s school
At 20, in 336 BC, became king when Philip was murdered.
Conquered Persian Empire and civilizations as far east as India
Goal was to conquer the world and create one empire
Wanted to unite Macedonians, Greeks and Persians.
Greeks refused to treat Persians as equals
Army refused to continue fighting east of India

6. The Spread of Greek Culture
Alexander died in 323 BC of a “disease”
Alexander built over 70 cities as king
Named 16 of them Alexandria, and named one Bucephala after his horse
Empire broke into 3 kingdoms Greece, Egypt, and Persia
After his death, Alexander’s influence continued. Cities he built and countries he conquered accepted and used Greek culture, language, calendar, and coins (Hellenism)
Macedonians and Greeks moved to these cities
These countries became known as Hellenistic countries
The greatest Alexandria was in Egypt
Alexandria, Egypt became center of trade and learning
The Lighthouse and the Library in Alexandria were the biggest and best of the time.

7. The Spread of Greek Culture

8. The Spread of Greek Culture
Math and Science
The Museum, a school in Egypt, was were Euclid, Eratosthenes, and Archimedes, all studied and worked.
Euclid created Geometry
Eratosthenes was an astronomer who used math to calculate the size of the earth
Archimedes created pulleys and levers