1. Reliability and Validity Illustrated

2. Not Valid
Consistent similar responses but doesn’t test intended skill. Example: teach backstroke but test freestyle.

3. Not Valid - But Reliable
Did freestyle
Did backstroke
Consistent similar responses but doesn’t test intended skill. Example: teach backstroke but test freestyle.

4. Valid?

5. Not Reliable or Valid
Inconsistent responses. If not reliable, can’t be valid. Examples: students did not learn content. The test (which could be fine otherwise) doesn’t match learning.

6. Valid and Reliable
Consistent similar responses on the targeted skill. Example: teach freestyle and test freestyle.