1. WORLD HISTORY Unit #2 – Late Modern Euro History Lesson #202 Industrial Revolution

2. Industrial Revolution
This phenomena marks the turning point and start of a long and exciting technology explosion…
Name modern technology that did not exist prior to 1800 (French Revolution)
Does this revolution really matter?

3. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
ALL societies today are measured by this level of advancement
ex: Is it an “industrial nation”?
WHY? WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
2. It transitioned Europeans off the farm
50% mark – measurement of society
3. Propelled Europe to be most technologically
advanced region in the world
Inventions began coming FAST
DOES THIS MEAN THEY ARE DESTINED TO CONTROL
THE WORLD POPULATION?
4. Consumer Revolution: we became a consumer-
driven society / capitalism for masses began
(the basis of our current wealth and power)
WHAT NEEDS TO HAPPEN FOR OUR WHOLE SOCIETY (ALL
LEVELS OF WEALTH) TO BECOME A CONSUMER SOCIETY?

4. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
ALL societies today are measured by this level of sophistication
ex: Is it an “industrial nation”?
INDUSTRIAL NATION
NON-INDUSTRIAL NATION

5. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
2. It transitioned Europeans off the farm
Or…

6. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
2. It transitioned Europeans on the farm onto machinery (instead of hand labor)

7. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
3. Inventions began coming FAST
this propelled Europe to be most
technologically advanced region in the world

8. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
4. Consumer attitude began
(the basis of our current wealth and power)

9. REASON INDUST. REV. MATTERS:
4. Consumer attitude / capitalism for masses began
(the basis of our current wealth and power)

10. Goal: try to make it a silly pic
Each group gets one “reason” to reduce the issue to a picture to represent the whole idea…
Find a picture that represents your “reason” and send to me or share with me
Goal: try to make it a silly pic

11. So… why does this matter?

12. The top 10 in-demand jobs in 2010 didn’t even exist in 2004.
Change will come FAST…
The top 10 in-demand jobs in 2010 didn’t even exist in 2004.

13. As a student, you’re currently prepareing for jobs that don’t yet exist . . .

14. using technologies that haven’t been invented . . .
using technologies that haven’t been invented . . .

15. in order to solve problems we don’t even know are problems yet.
in order to solve problems we don’t even know are problems yet.
David Warlick – Connect Learning blog

16. How do we DO that?!

17. Name this country . . .

18. Richest in the World
Largest Military
Center of world business and finance
Strongest education system
World center of innovation and invention
Their currency is the world standard of value
Highest standard of living

19. It was…
Spain
in 1600
France
in 1700
Britain
in 1800
Germany
in 1900

20. What happened to them?!

21. Spain in 1600 France Britain in 1700 in 1800 Germany in 1900
Spain
in 1600
France
Britain
in 1700
Defeated by France in 1648
in 1800
Defeated by Britain in 1767
Germany
Surpassed by Germany in 1890
in 1900
Destroyed by USA and USSR in 1945
Nearly defeated by Germany in 1918 and 1941

22. Do you perceive a trend?

23. How fast are we learning new information, compared to in the past?

24. It’s estimated that 1. 5 exabytes (that’s 1
It’s estimated that 1.5 exabytes (that’s 1.5 x 1018) of unique new information will be generated worldwide this year.

25. That’s estimated to be more information than in the previous 5,000 years COMBINED.

26. The amount of new technical information has been doubling every 2 years.

27. What does that mean for your education?

28. That means for students starting a four-year technical or college degree . . .

29. … finish that sentence…

30. …half of what you learn in their first year of study will be outdated by their third year of study.

31. It’s predicted to double every 72 hours in the next decade.

32. Predictions are that within the next year, a “supercomputer” will be built that exceeds the computation capability of the Human Brain . . .

33. By 2023, a $1,000 computer will exceed the capabilities of the Human Brain . . .

34. Predictions are that by 2049 a $1,000 computer will exceed the computational capabilities of the ENTIRE human race.

35. So, if I asked you “is the Industrial Revolution” and all its change important…

36. Thoughts?...

37. Improved Farming techniques
Small farms combined
ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT
Invention of Seed Drill
More food
Fewer infant deaths
More babies grow to have kids of their own
Population explosion
Fewer farmers needed – mass unemployed farmers
click

39. Beginnings of the Factory System
First factories produced clothing
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
factories learned to spin spin thread or weave cloth faster
Clothing made cheaper
More people could afford more clothing
FACTORY SYSTEM is where machines and people work together to produce
Steam power made even faster

40. Spinning Jenny
click

41. Spinning Jenny Perfected by 1764 by James Hargreaves
Spun 8 spindles at a time
Patented with 16 spools in 1770
Increased to 120 when tied into water power
Hargreaves was a poor weaver
One day, his daughter knocked over his spinning wheel
He watched the wheel continue to spin
Conceived the idea to spin lots of wheels at once
Connected 8 spindles to one wheel and hooked up a crank
Ended up naming it after that clumsy daughter

42. Steam Engine (James Watt)
click

43. Water Frame Arkwright attached water wheel to Spinning Jenny
Provided power and speed
No linen needed for strength
Pulled textiles into factories
Cotton production exploded 800%
By 1830, represented 50% of British exports
VERY GOOD
3m descr of Ind Rev & factory

44. Steam Engine Thomas Newcomen (1777) For pumping water out of mines
Heavy and immobile, and not real efficient
2m descr of steam engine
James Watt (1777)
Smaller
More efficient
22m descr of steam application
1m model of Newcomen’s machine

45. Britain was first to Industrialize
Built a network of roads and canals
Britain has large deposits of iron and coal
Britain was already a commercial power
Britain had just gone through Agricultural Revolution
Had lots of cheap labor
Had healthy and stable population

46. Changing patterns of Life
People moved from farms to cities
Millions of farmers no longer needed on farms
New social structure emerged
a new lower class – unskilled factory workers
a new middle class –factory owners
4. Factories were dangerous and miserable
5. But, goods became cheaper
and so…
more people had some surplus $$
and… they could now purchase new goods

47. Conditions in factories (and mines)
Conditions were HORRIBLE
Long hours
Dark and unhealthy air
Machines not safe
Mines were worse!
Unions illegal
13-16 hours EVERY DAY

48. Worker Conditions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MZMoVnO02Y
2m descr of child labor

49. Demands for Reform British government passed laws FACTORY ACT OF 1834
Kids not allowed to work before a certain age
Schools provided instead
Unions eventually allowed
Conditions improved
The reformers were called SOCIALISTS

50. Living Conditions in Indust. Rev.
Factories pulled huge numbers of people to one location
Homes were cramped and crowded
Homes were dirty
Lacked plumbing and fresh water
Cities were horribly dirty
Roads were narrow
Getting anywhere took forever

53. Growth of Democracy Right to vote (franchise) Only for the wealthiest
As Middle Class grew in size and influence
They demanded the right to vote
GREAT REFORM BILL OF 1832
Workers demanded right to vote
By 1867 – all men allowed to vote
Women allowed in 1918

54. New Ideas about Society
Workers treated as machines
Karl Marx said, this makes them PROLETARIAT
Proletariat will protest
Proletariat will eventually overthrow factory owners
Create a classless society
Everyone is equal

55. Failure of Marxism
Marx believed Proletariat was destined to overpower owners
And create a new society
He called his system “communism”
(based on communal property)
But, socialists scored government laws
Working conditions improved
Marx prediction did not come true

56. And… for tomorrow…

57. New Political Ideas Conservatism Liberalism Socialism
Industrialization
Marxism
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT, WHEN IT COMES TO FACTORIES AND WORKERS?

58. Conservatism This was the “old” belief structure
It supported Kings and Nobles having control
Hobbes had said you need a powerful leader with complete control
Otherwise…
Man would kill other men…

59. Liberalism
Liberalism was the new idea of the new and growing Middle Class
These men were “self made”
And, they expected to have laws protecting what they created (their factories)
LAISSEZ FAIRE
They believed the workers chose to be just workers

60. Socialism Socialists expected governments to protect the workers
They saw factory owners treating people like machines
And thought that was unfair
And wanted government to force businesses to protect the workers

61. Liberalism vs. Socialism
Describe why each was “right.”
LIBERALISM
SOCIALISM
Should businesses be allowed to treat workers however they want, to maximize profits?
Should government force businesses to pay a “fair wage,” and provide benefits?