1. TYPES OF SENTENCES
SUTHERLAND HIGH SCHOOL

2. THE SENTENCE
A sentence is a group of words which expresses a complete thought.
A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full top, a question mark or an exclamation mark, depending on the nature and meaning of the sentence.
A sentence must contain a subject and a finite verb.
In order to check whether you have a subject, ask who or what before the verb.
This subject may be replaced with a pronoun e.g. he, she or it.
The boy plays --- Who plays? --- He plays.

3. THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES IN ENGLISH
1. Statements- these supply information. Shaun is going to school.
2. Questions- these ask for information. Where is Shaun going?
3. Exclamations- these express emotions such as a surprise, fear, alarm or anger. It’s a ghost!
4. Commands (Imperatives)- These are used to give orders or instructions.
Do not enter through that door.

4. SENTENCES ARE ALSO CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWS:
1. THE SIMPLE SENTENCE- This has one finite verb and deals with one idea. Anne reads a book.
2. THE COMPOUND SENTENCE- This has two or more finite verbs. It may be made up of two or more simple sentences joined by a co- ordinating conjunction. Dan plays soccer at school and works on his computer at home.
3. THE COMPLEX SENTENCE- This contains one main clause or thought and one or more subordinate clauses which provide additional information. They are joined by subordinating conjunctions.
Candice received her results /while she was recuperating in hospital /after she had broken her leg.

5. A SENTENCE MAY BE DIVIDED INTO A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE
1. THE SUBJECT- The subject reflects who or what we are talking about.
It is the person or the thing who/ that/ which is performing the action.
The word that follows the linking verb (to be) is not the object: it is known as the complement. (The complement enlarges on the subject)
The race was exciting. The author became famous.

6. A SENTENCE MAY BE DIVIDED INTO A SUBJECT AND A PREDICATE
2. THE PREDICATE
The Predicate is the rest of the sentence.
It expands on the subject and always begins with the verb.
Subject
Predicate
Anne
built the sandcastle
The boys in Grade 7
were happy to go High School

7. ANALYSING THE PREDICATE
In a fuller analysis, the predicate can be divided into: Verb, Direct Object and Indirect Object.
Direct Object- answers who or what after the verb.
Indirect Object- always tells you to whom/what or for whom/what after the Direct Object.

8. ANALYSING THE PREDICATE
SUBJECT
VERB
DIRECT OBJECT
(what)
INDIRECT OBJECT
The dog
brought
the ball
to his master.
Matric
opens
doors
for the future.