1. How did former allies become enemies after WWII?
Origins of the Cold War
How did former allies become enemies after WWII?

2. United Nations (UN)
1945: At Yalta, US/Soviets/Britain agree to an intl peacekeeping body
UN will have: 1) General Assembly (all vote on world issues) & ) Security Council (11 vote on security issues/use of force)
Stalin insists there should be permanent Sec. Council members with a veto power
US, Britain, USSR, France and Rep of China get the veto

3. The Eastern Bloc Eastern Europe
1945: Yalta agreement calls for free elections in countries invaded by Nazi Germany
Instead, Stalin installs communist “satellite states” in E. Europe
The Eastern Bloc

4. Containment Policy
1946: Truman says Stalin lied & violated Yalta, Stalin states “Communism & Capitalism cannot coexist”
Discuss Document: Why do you think Churchill gave the Iron Curtain speech?
1947: Truman Doctrine is announced, US will support free people resisting “outside pressures”
Congress gives $700 million to Greece & Turkey (both “resisting” communist influence)
US diplomat George Kennan writes the “X Article” saying US must “contain” spread of communism

5. The Marshall Plan
June 1947: Secy of State George Marshall proposes that US should give $16 billion to W. Europe to rebuild from WW II
Only western “non-communist” countries, except Yugoslavia get Marshall Plan money
Pol cartoon discussion:
How does the cartoonist think Stalin will react to the Marshall Plan?

6. Berlin Crisis
Germany (incl. Berlin) divided after war, US gives Marshall Plan money to “Western German zones” (no money to East)
Stalin says US in violation of Potsdam agreement, creates East Germany in Soviet Zone
US, Britain, France will allow their zones to combine into W. Germany

7. The Berlin Blockade & Airlift
Soviets/E. Germans block road access to West Berlin, hoping Truman will give up on city
US will airlift supplies into city (can’t give up West Berlin, must contain communism)
278K flights were made (June 26-May 11)
Stalin threatens military action, but ends blockade in May of 1949
After Berlin Crisis each Superpower forms a “defensive” alliance (NATO for US & Warsaw Pact for Soviets)

8. Berlin Airlift Political Cartoon
Discuss: What is the cartoonist opinion of the Berlin Airlift, who may be the winners and losers and why?