1. Materials: worksheet
GET OUT BINDER FOR ME TO CHECK! Make sure notes 3.6 (textbook pages ) are in there
Catalyst:
What does a restriction enzyme do?
Describe one way that recombinant DNA is used in our world today.

2. Announcements Work on Mutant Makers project this weekend
DUE next Wednesday for periods 1, 2, 4, 6.
Due in 2 weeks for periods 5, 7
New tutorial days: Monday and Wednesday
Bring back progress report signed for EC.
AUCTION TODAY!

3. Objectives I can name and identify the parts of a chromosome.
I can differentiate between body cells and gametes.
I can name and define the steps of the Cell Cycle.

4. Mitosis vs. Meiosis

5. Chromosomes condense at the start of mitosis.
DNA wraps around proteins (histones) that condense it.
DNA double helix
DNA and histones
Chromatin
Supercoiled DNA

6. Chromatin: DNA and proteins.
chromatid
telomere
centromere
Condensed, duplicated chromosome
Chromatin: DNA and proteins.
Chromatid: One half of a duplicated chromosome
Sister chromatids: held together at the centromere.
Telomeres: protect DNA and do not include genes.
Homologous Chromosomes: pairs of chromosomes that carry the same genes

7. Cell Types The body has 2 types of cells.
Gametes: sex cells (sperm and egg) that combine to make a new person
Body Cells: all cells that are not gametes. Example???

8. Cell Types

9. Cell Types 2 main types of cells in our bodies:
Gametes: sex cells (egg and sperm) that combine to make a new individual
Body cells: all cells that are not gametes (examples: blood cell, brain cell)

10. Body cell or gamete?

11. sperm

12. Skin cell

13. egg

14. Brain cell

15. Blood cell

16. Hair cell

17. Body Cells
Body cells have 2 copies of each chromosome (46 chromosomes total!)

18. Body Cells Diploid (2n): having 2 copies of each chromosome
Body cells are diploid.

19. Gametes have 1 copy of each chromosome (23 chromosomes total)
Haploid (1n): Having 1 copy of each chromosome
Gametes are haploid (23 chromosomes)

20. Gametes
Haploid (1n) gametes combine to make diploid (2n) body cells

21. Cell Types: THINK
How many chromosomes do body cells have? How many chromosomes do gametes have? Why does it make sense that gametes have half the chromosomes as body cells? A body cell has 20 chromosomes. How many does the gamete have?

22. MITOSIS

23. Mitosis/Asexual Reproduction
Mitosis: how body cells are formed Asexual reproduction: reproduction with 1 parent cell divides in half

24. Requires DNA Replication Produces 2 identical diploid cells
Mitosis/Asexual Reproduction
Requires DNA Replication Produces 2 identical diploid cells

25. Think
What are some times when we would use mitosis?

26. Challenge With your partner/group Take out ONLY the picture cards
Put the picture cards in logical order
THINK: what do we start with in Mitosis?
THINK: what do we end with in Mitosis?

27. Steps of the Cell Cycle Memory Trigger
A___________________: ____________________
T___________________: _____________________

28. Mitosis and cytokinesis produce two genetically identical daughter cells.
Parent cell
centrioles
spindle fibers
centrosome
nucleus with
DNA
Interphase prepares the cell to divide.
During interphase, the DNA is duplicated.

29. During prophase, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form.
Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.
During prophase, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form.

30. During metaphase, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.
During metaphase, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

31. Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.
During anaphase, sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell.

32. During telophase, the new nuclei form and chromosomes begin to uncoil.
Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.
During telophase, the new nuclei form and chromosomes begin to uncoil.

33. In animal cells, the membrane pinches closed.
Cytokinesis differs in animal and plant cells.
In animal cells, the membrane pinches closed.
In plant cells, a cell plate forms.

35. CHALLENGE With your partner/group:
Place the picture cards in the correct order
Assign the correct phase name to each picture
Assign the correct description to each picture
FIRST TEAM TO GET IT ALL CORRECT GETS 8 TICKETS EACH PERSON!

36. Classwork
Finish the 8 questions on the back of your worksheet (Classwork 3.6)

37. STOP HERE FOR NOTES 3.6!

38. Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction: reproduction with 2 parents
2 gametes (egg and sperm) combine
Fertilization: egg and sperm meet to form a new individual (zygote)

39. Body Cells Chromosomes come in pairs (called homologous chromosomes)
Body cells have 2 copies of each chromosome (46 chromosomes total)
Diploid (2n): 2 copies of each chromosome
Body cells are diploid (46 chromosomes)

40. Meiosis

41. Meiosis Meiosis: how gametes are formed Meiosis = sexual reproduction.
1 diploid cell divides into 4 haploid gametes
Meiosis
1 Body cell (diploid)
4 gametes
(haploid)

42. Meiosis Meiosis has 2 cell divisions
When a cell goes through meiosis the chromosome number cuts in half
Meiosis
1 Body cell (diploid)
4 gametes
(haploid)

43. Meiosis 1

44. Meiosis 1

45. Meiosis I occurs after DNA has been replicated.
Meiosis I divides homologous chromosomes in four phases.

46. Meiosis II divides sister chromatids in four phases.
DNA is not replicated between meiosis I and meiosis II.

47. Crossing over during meiosis increases genetic diversity.
Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes.
occurs during prophase I of meiosis I
results in new combinations of genes

48. Think
What does meiosis form? How many cells does meiosis make? How many times does the cell divide in half in meiosis? What happens to the number of chromosomes in a cell as it goes through meiosis?

49. Think: Mitosis or Meiosis?

50. Asexual Reproduction

51. Gametes

52. Produces 2 cells

53. Variation

54. Sexual Reproduction

55. Cell divides in half

56. No variation

57. 2 cell divisions

58. Produces 4 cells

59. Mitosis vs. Meiosis MITOSIS MEIOSIS Asexual Sexual Diploid Haploid 1 2
Sexual or Asexual?
Diploid or haploid formed?
Number of Divisions?
Number of cells produced?
Variation or Stability?
Asexual
Sexual
Diploid
Haploid 1 2 4
Stability
Variation