1. Fig. 1 SDPS induces deficits in rat spatial memory that are reversed by imipramine.
SDPS induces deficits in rat spatial memory that are reversed by imipramine. (A) Rats were exposed to the social defeat–induced persistent stress (SDPS) paradigm, consisting of five daily social defeat episodes and ~3 months of individual housing. Pharmacotherapy with imipramine (IMI) or vehicle (H2O) as control was applied during the last 3 weeks of the isolation period in both groups. Rats underwent behavioral assessment using the object place recognition (OPR) test (B) or the novel object recognition (NOR) test (C). (B) Exploration index during the test phase of the OPR task. SDPS impaired memory retention of the object location; imipramine reversed this deficit but had no effect on control animals. (C) Exploration index during the test phase of the NOR task. Neither SDPS nor imipramine treatment affected recognition performance. Dotted line represents exploration at chance level (0.50); n = number of animals; two-way ANOVA; post hoc Fisher’s LSD; *P < 0.05 (see table S2). †Significant memory retention (I) for P < 0.05, and #trend for P < 0.2 by unpaired t test.
Danai Riga et al., Sci Transl Med 2017;9:eaai8753
Published by AAAS