1. Executive Orders

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3. Executive Orders Proclamations Memoranda

7. Executive Order 12044 Executive Order 13497 Executive Order 12291
Executive Orders as Law: Checks and Balances
Executive Order
12044
Executive Order
13497
Executive Order
12291
Executive Order
12866
Excutive Order 11821
Executive Orders
13258 & 13422
Revoked or superseded by another executive order

8. Executive Orders as Law: Checks and Balances
Voided by Congressional legislation or appropriations

9. Executive Orders as Law: Checks and Balances
Voided, stopped, or declared unconstitutional by federal courts or the U.S. Supreme Court

11. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company v. Sawyer (1952)
What is your document?
What are the main points in your document?
How does your document relate to specific powers of branches of government, especially in relation to Truman’s executive order?

12. Justice Jackson’s 3-Tiered Test
Standards for Presidential Authority
Order supported by Congressional authority
Congress is silent; rely only on Presidential authority
Order contradicts Congressional authority
Justice Jackson’s 3-Tiered Test

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