1. Classification of Matter

2. The Particle Theory of Matter
All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty space between them.
Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles.
Particles are in constant random motion.
The particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases.
Particles attract each other.

3. Heterogeneous Mixture
Matter
Can be separated physically
Cannot be separated physically
Mixture
Pure Substance
Cannot see the parts
Can be separated chemically
Can see the parts
Cannot be separated
Heterogeneous Mixture
Homogeneous Mixture
Compound
Element

4. Classification of Matter
Pure Substance – Matter that has only 1 type of particle
Example: Pure water only contains the H2O molecule
If water ever tastes different then it isn’t pure water; it fits into our next category.

5. Classification of Matter
Mixture – Two or more pure substances mixed together. It contains more than 1 type of particle.
Example: Copper and Zinc can be mixed together to produce brass.
Even though it may look different, it is still copper and zinc. Each metal retains its own properties like melting point.

6. Classification of Matter
Mixture – Two or more particles mixed together. Each substance in the mixture retains its own set of chemical and physical properties.
Unlike pure substances, mixtures can always be separated by physical means.

7. Mixtures
Mixture – Two or more particles mixed together. Each substance in the mixture retains its own set of chemical and physical properties.
If a sample of sand contains iron and salt, how could you separate them from the other minerals?

8. Mixtures
Heterogeneous mixture (mechanical mixture)–Mixture in which you can distinguish between different types of matter.
Examples:
Sand
Granite
Soil

9. Mixtures
Heterogeneous mixture (mechanical mixture)–Mixture in which you can distinguish between different types of matter.
Examples:
Milk
Blood

10. Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Components are evenly mixed.
A uniform mixture of two or more substances
Salt water contains salt and water, but are mixed all the way to the atomic level , but it can still be separated by physical means.
Seawater distillation plant

11. Pure Substances
Pure substances can also be divided into 2 categories: compounds and elements.

12. Pure Substances
Compound – Two or more elements chemically bonded together.
Examples:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Water (H2O)
Salt (NaCl)
Sucrose (C12H22O11)

13. Pure Substances
Elements – Substances made up of only one type of atom.
- Cannot be separated by any physical OR chemical process.
Examples:
Carbon
Helium
Gold