1. The National Register of Historic Places

2. NOT THE: National Historic Registry Historical List
Historical Registry
National Trust
National Registry of Historical Homes
Historical Society Listing
Or any of a number of other things…

3. National Register of Historic Places
Myth versus Fact
There are many myths surrounding the National Register of Historic Places of Historic Places.

4. National Register of Historic Places
Required to maintain and/or restore…
FALSE
Required to open to public…
Guarantees protection…
Can’t sell…
Big pots of money will appear at your door…
FALSE, FALSE, FALSE
Does not restrict the use of the property. (For example, an owner can continue to live in a listed house, convert a listed property to another use, continue to farm ground where a listed archaeological site may be located, conduct new construction on the site, etc.)
Does not restrict the sale of private property.
Does not require continued maintenance of private property.
Does not require that any specific guidelines be followed in a rehabilitation (unless the owner is using federal funds or receiving an investment tax credit).
Does not require the owner to give tours of the property or open it to the public.
Does not guarantee funds for restoration.
Does not guarantee perpetual maintenance of the property.
Does not provide a tax credit for a private residential structure.
Does not provide a historic marker for the property.

5. National Register of Historic Places
Does:
Provide recognition
Provide limited protection
Qualify certain properties for tax credits
Qualify owners for grants-in-aid when available
Provides recognition of a property's significance in history, architecture, archaeology, or engineering.
Provides limited protection when a property is endangered by a federally funded or licensed action. 
Provides the owner of income-producing property (commercial or rental residential) the opportunity to receive investment tax credits for "certified rehabilitation."
Provides the owner the opportunity to apply for matching grant-in-aid for restoration/rehabilitation (when funding is available).

6. National Register of Historic Places
Department of the Interior, National Park Service
Established in 1966 within the National Historic Preservation Act
Park Avenue with Park Harvey Building
National Historic Preservation Act became law on October 15, 1966 and it includes the creation of the National Register of Historic Places, the SHPO, SHPO responsibilities, CLG program, and other preservation related legislation.

7. National Register of Historic Places
Response to demolition of historic resources
Part of federal planning process
Continental Theatre in Oklahoma City
Historic block in Pawnee

8. National Register of Historic Places
What can be listed?
Buildings
Sites
Structures
Objects
Districts

9. National Register of Historic Places
Buildings
Designed to house people and their activities
Greer County Courthouse in Mangum; part of the County Courthouses of Oklahoma Thematic Resources

10. National Register of Historic Places
Buildings
May be of vernacular design but historic importance
Saline Courthouse in Delaware County

11. National Register of Historic Places
Buildings
May represent distinctive design
A.W. Patterson Home in Muskogee; Romanesque Revival

12. National Register of Historic Places
Sites
The location of activities important in history
Rock Mary, Caddo Co.

13. National Register of Historic Places
Sites
Archeological
Bison Kill Site in Harper County

14. National Register of Historic Places
Structures
Designed for purposes other than containing people
US Highway 77 Bridge in McClain County

15. National Register of Historic Places
Structures
Often engineering resources
Lake Overholser Dame, Oklahoma County

16. National Register of Historic Places
Structures
May be purely functional
Turpin Grain Elevator, Beaver County

17. National Register of Historic Places
Objects
Primarily small in scale, often artistic, but not necessarily static
Pioneer Woman Statue, Ponca City, Kay County

18. National Register of Historic Places
Objects
May be individually listed but more likely contribute to the character of a district
Robbers Cave State Park

19. National Register of Historic Places
Districts
Contiguous areas made up of multiple buildings, sites, structures, and objects that are related
Jefferson Park Historic District, Oklahoma City

20. National Register of Historic Places
Districts
Can be residential, commercial, or agricultural.
Perry Courthouse Square Historic District

21. National Register of Historic Places
Districts
Landscapes could be considered districts.
Wintersmith Park, Ada

22. National Register of Historic Places
Levels of Significance
National
State
Local

23. National Register of Historic Places
National Level of Significance
Demonstrates significance within a national context
Bizzell Memorial Library, Cleveland County
Nation-wide comparison has to be made
Idaho and Oklahoma ranch properties
Felt that these examples were gentleman farms based on the information provided
Must be scholarly
Make comparison with other resource types; ranching practices; commerce; etc.
Can not just discuss resource with other SHPOs
Think context development. If you can not develop a complete national context for the resource type, do not attempt national significance

24. National Register of Historic Places
National Level of Significance
All
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS are nationally significant
Guthrie
NHL standard
Places that "possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating and interpreting the heritage of the United States" are designated National Historic Landmarks.
Fewer than 2,500 currently

25. National Register of Historic Places
State Level of Significance
Properties that are significant at a state-wide level

26. National Register of Historic Places
State Level of Significance
Generally viewed within a state-wide context
Old Central, Stillwater

27. National Register of Historic Places
Local Level of Significance
Most listed properties are significant at the local level
Cobb Building, Wagoner

28. National Register of Historic Places
Local Level of Significance
Evaluated within the context of the local community
Newkirk Central Business District

29. National Register of Historic Places
Local Level of Significance
Reflect trends or events that impact history at the local level
Alva Armory

30. National Register of Historic Places
Criteria for Evaluation
There are four basic criteria under which all properties are evaluated

31. National Register of Historic Places
Association with events
Association with persons
Design characteristics
Ability to yield information

32. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion A
Properties that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history
A specific event marking an important moment in American pre-history or history
A pattern of events or a historic trend that made a significant contribution to the development of a community, state or nation.

33. National Register of Historic Places
Events
Can be singular – happens at a specific place at a specific time
Washita Battlefield Rogers Mills County

34. National Register of Historic Places
Events
Can be a continuum of minor events.
For instance, “Commerce” is considered an event
Sulphur Downtown Historic Commercial District

35. National Register of Historic Places
Events
Or “Agriculture” could be considered an event
McGruders Plots, OSU, Payne County

36. National Register of Historic Places
Events
Or “Education” could be considered an event
Barnard Elementary School Tecumseh, Pottawatomie County

37. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion B
Properties associated with the lives of persons significant in our past
You need to compare this property against all others associated with the specific person productive life. Does it best represent the time period when he or she achieved significance

38. National Register of Historic Places
Persons
The person must be significant and there must be a direct tie to the property
Grant Foreman House, Muskogee

39. National Register of Historic Places
Persons
The association between the property and the person must be direct and during the time when the person achieved significance
Cain’s Ballroom, Tulsa

40. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion C
Properties that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction

41. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion C
In simple terms:
this Criterion refers to the physical characteristics of the property

42. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion C
The most common Criterion used
Has many sub-categories under which to evaluate properties

43. National Register of Historic Places
Distinctive Characteristics of a Type
Can refer to the form, function or use of a property
Bridge No. 18 at Rock Creek, Sapulpa
Parker Through Truss

44. National Register of Historic Places
Characteristics of a Period
May represent an example of an architectural style
Sugg Clinic, Ada
Moderne style

45. National Register of Historic Places
Characteristics of Construction Method
Recognizes the importance of both vernacular traditions…
Beard Cabin, Shawnee

46. National Register of Historic Places
Characteristics of Construction Method
…or new technologies
Danner House, Sayre

47. National Register of Historic Places
Work of a Master
The works of designers or craftsmen who are masters in their fields
EUGENE BAVINGER HOUSE , Norman
Bruce Goff

48. National Register of Historic Places
Work of a Master
May be of national renown
Price Tower, Bartlesville
Frank Lloyd Wright

49. National Register of Historic Places
Work of a Master
Or of local importance
Love County Jail and Sheriff’s Residence
Walter Taylor, local architect

50. National Register of Historic Places
High Artistic Value
Possesses recognizable artistic value
Ed Galloway’s Totem Pole Park, Rogers County

51. National Register of Historic Places
High Artistic Value
May be a component of a larger entity
The Y Chapel of Song, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond

52. National Register of Historic Places
Distinctive Entity Whose Components Lack Distinction
Historic Districts
Edgemere Park HD, Oklahoma City

53. National Register of Historic Places
Districts are considered a single entity. Resources within the district are generally not individually eligible
Road Culvert Lake Murray State Park

54. National Register of Historic Places
Districts
Considered contributing if they reflect the character of the district
Contributing resource White City Historic District, Tulsa

55. National Register of Historic Places
Districts
Noncontributing if they do not reflect the period of significance
Noncontributing resource White City Historic District, Tulsa

56. National Register of Historic Places
Criterion D
Properties that have yielded, or may be likely to yield information important in prehistory or history

57. National Register of Historic Places
Information Potential
Typically refers to archeological sites
Tall Cane Site, Sequoyah County

58. National Register of Historic Places
Information Potential
Archeological sites may be prehistoric
Cooper Site, Harper County
Bison kill site

59. National Register of Historic Places
Information Potential
Or Historic
Fort Towson, Choctaw County

60. National Register of Historic Places
Information Potential
Buildings can also tell us information not readily available through other sources
Half-dugout, western Oklahoma

61. National Register of Historic Places
Some properties are normally excluded from National Register of Historic Places of Historic Places eligibility.
Under certain circumstances, called “Criteria Considerations,” properties in these categories can be listed

62. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘a’
Owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes
Churches can be listed for other criteria
Cherokee Friends Church, Cherokee

63. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘b’
Removed from its original location
Moved properties can be listed if much of the historic integrity of the resource is maintained
Checotah MKT Depot, Checotah

64. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘c’
A birthplace or a grave
Birthplaces or graves can be listed if there is no other resource to associate
Jesse Chisolm Gravesite
Blaine County

65. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘d’
A cemetery
Cemeteries can be listed for design, age, or importance of the persons interred
Ross Cemetery, Cherokee County

66. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘e’
A reconstructed building, object, or structure
Reconstructions can be listed if part of a sensitive master plan
Barracks, Fort Washita, Bryan County

67. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘f’
A commemorative property
If the property has achieved significance beyond that of which it commemorates, it can be listed
Chief Ne-Kah-Wah-She-Tum-Kah
Grave marker, Fairfax

68. National Register of Historic Places
Consideration ‘g’
Less than 50 years of age
Properties which are less than 50 years of age can be listed if they demonstrate “exceptional significance”
Citizens State Bank, OKC
Statistics
1 million ranch homes built between 1948 and 1955 (Brookings Institution)
By 2030, 50% of all buildings will be constructed after 2000 (Brookings Institution)
83,000 NR listings which equals approximately 1.5 million individual properties
60% are from the 20th century
3% are criteria G which equals approx 500 properties for Architecture from and meet criteria G
Language
NPS has not developed a specific language (style terminology) for this era of architecture
Because there is no accepted style—we need to identify it by characteristics; i.e. roofline, form, building materials.

69. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity
Properties must have a high degree of historic integrity in order to be listed
Alterations and additions can compromise the integrity of historic resources
There are seven aspects of integrity which are considered when evaluating historic resources

70. National Register of Historic Places
Location
Design
Setting
Materials
Workmanship
Feeling
Association
Seven Aspects Of
Integrity

71. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Location
Has the property been moved from its historic or original location?
If so, how does that affect its ability to convey its significance?

72. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Design
Has the original appearance of the resource been altered?
Do the alterations impact the original design intent?

73. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Setting
Has the setting of the property changed?
Does this affect its ability to convey its historic significance?

74. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Materials
Have inappropriate materials been added to the resource?

75. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Workmanship
Have alterations, additions, or repairs matched the historic fabric in terms of workmanship or craftsmanship?

76. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Feeling
Does the resource “feel” right? Do the other factors of integrity work together to convey the historic qualities of the resource?

77. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity of Association
Is the resource really associated with its historic past?
Has that association been compromised?

78. National Register of Historic Places
Integrity
Not all seven aspects need be present as long as the overall sense of past time and place is evident

79. National Register of Historic Places
GOAL
Five Listings From Each of Oklahoma’s Seventy-seven Counties By November 17, 2007
Cotton (2)
Dewey (1)
Grant (1)
Harmon (2)
McClain (2)
Major (4)
Marshall (1)
Nowata (1)