1. Muscles : axial musculature
Muse 2430 sp
Lecture #11
6/21/10

2. Introduction The axial musculature arises on the axial skeleton.
Positions the head and vertebral column
Moves the rib cage
Axial muscles do not play a role in the movement or stabilization of the pectoral or pelvic girdles or the limbs.
Roughly 60 percent of the skeletal muscles in the body are axial muscles.
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3. The Axial Musculature
The axial muscles fall into four logical groups based on location and/or function.
Muscles of the head and neck
Facial expression
Whistling
Sucking
Chewing
Swallowing
Contractions of the eye muscles
Muscles of the vertebral column
Oblique and rectus muscles
Diaphragm
Muscles of the pelvic floor
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4. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.1 Superficial Skeletal Muscles, Anterior View
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5. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.1 Superficial Skeletal Muscles, Anterior View
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6. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.2 Superficial Skeletal Muscles, Posterior View
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7. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.2 Superficial Skeletal Muscles, Posterior View
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8. The Axial Musculature Muscles of the Head and Neck
Can be subdivided into several groups:
Muscles of facial expression
Extraocular muscles
Muscles of mastication
Muscles of the tongue
Muscles of the pharynx
Anterior muscles of the neck
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9. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.3 Muscles of the Head and Neck, Part I
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10. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.3 Muscles of the Head and Neck, Part I
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11. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.4 Muscles of the Head and Neck, Part II
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12. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.4 Muscles of the Head and Neck, Part II
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13. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.4 Muscles of the Head and Neck, Part II
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14. The Axial Musculature
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15. The Axial Musculature
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16. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.5 Extraocular Muscles (Lateral Surface of Right Eye)
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17. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.5 Extra-ocular Muscles (Medial Surface of Right Eye)
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18. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.5 Extra-ocular Muscles (Anterior View of Right Eye)
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19. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.5 Extraocular Muscles (Anterior View of Right Orbit)
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20. The Axial Musculature
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21. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.6 Muscles of Mastication (Lateral View)
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22. The Axial Musculature
Figure Muscles of Mastication (Lateral View, Pterygoid Muscles Exposed)
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23. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.7 The Sphenomandibularis Muscle
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24. The Axial Musculature
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25. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.8 Muscles of the Tongue
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26. The Axial Musculature
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27. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.9 Muscles of the Pharynx (Lateral View)
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28. The Axial Musculature
Figure 10.9 Muscles of the Pharynx (Midsagittal View)
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29. The Axial Musculature
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30. The Axial Musculature
Figure Anterior Muscles of the Neck, Part I (Anterior View)
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31. The Axial Musculature
Figure Anterior Muscles of the Neck, Part I (Superior View)
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32. The Axial Musculature
Figure Anterior Muscles of the Neck, Part II
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33. The Axial Musculature
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34. The Axial Musculature Muscles of the Vertebral Column
Back muscles form three distinct layers:
Superficial—move the neck
Intermediate—extend the vertebral column
Deep—interconnect vertebrae
Extrinsic muscles—those in the superficial and intermediate layers
Intrinsic (or true) muscles—those in the deepest layer; in turn, these intrinsic muscles are arranged in superficial, intermediate, and deep layers
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35. The Axial Musculature
Figure Muscles of the Vertebral Column, Posterior View of Superficial (Right) and Deeper (Left) Muscles
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36. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.12 Muscles of the Vertebral Column
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37. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.12 Muscles of the Vertebral Column
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38. The Axial Musculature
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39. The Axial Musculature
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40. The Axial Musculature Oblique and Rectus Muscles
The muscles of the oblique and rectus groups lie between the vertebral column and the ventral midline.
The oblique muscles can compress underlying structures or rotate the vertebral column, depending on whether one or both sides are contracting.
The rectus muscles are important flexors of the vertebral column, acting in opposition to the erector spinae.
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41. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.13 The Oblique and Rectus Muscles
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42. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.13 The Oblique and Rectus Muscles
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43. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.14 The Diaphragm
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44. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.14 The Diaphragm
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45. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.14 The Diaphragm
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46. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.15 An Inguinal Hernia
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47. The Axial Musculature
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48. The Axial Musculature
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49. The Axial Musculature Muscles of the Perineum and the Pelvic Diaphragm
Three main functions:
Support the organs of the pelvic cavity
Flex the joints of the sacrum and coccyx
Control the movement of materials through the urethra and anus
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50. The Axial Musculature
Figure Muscles of the Pelvic Floor (Female)
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51. The Axial Musculature Figure 10.16 Muscles of the Pelvic Floor (Male)
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52. The Axial Musculature
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53. The Axial Musculature
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