1. Ways to Improve your Persuasive Paragraph

2. Use formal language – i.e.
no slang words (see slang handout)
avoid contractions (can't, don't)

3. Do not use a first person point of view
(“I”), or any personal pronouns (“you”, “me”, “we”, “our”, “my”, “us” etc.).
This is not an opinion paragraph

4. Avoid over-generalized statements
i.e. “As all readers/viewers would agree...”
(do not assume that your reader will agree with you right away,
instead, PERSUADE them that your position is the most valid or convincing)

5. Remember the topic ‘hook’
At the beginning of your persuasive paragraph this grabs your reader's attention (a relevant fact, a quotation, an astute observation, or a rhetorical question). Introduce your topic of exploration and draw your reader in...leave them wanting more!
Ex: In the wise words of fiction author, Conrad Smith, “Characters add humanity to the written word”, proving that it is the intensity of universal human emotions that link readers to stories and their central conflicts (Smith Quotations.com).

6. Thesis Statement
State your position on the topic question/prompt in an explicit, one-sentence thesis statement that guides your entire paragraph. This is what you want to prove!

7. Confident Diction
Be concise and assertive when stating your thesis. Use confident language (diction) – i.e. undeniable, indisputable, evident, clear, obvious, proven, exemplified, etc.

8. Stay on Topic
Stay focused on the topic prompt…always keep your thesis in mind.
Only write what is relevant!

9. Develop PPA/PPE
Use a fully-developed point, proof, analysis structure in order to defend your thesis statement
(2 points/proofs /analyses will be required for your evaluation)!

10. Connect to Thesis
Make a clear connection between your point and your proof in your analysis sentences. Explain why both reinforce the position that you have taken in your thesis statement!

11. Direct Citation Be specific in your proof.
Include a direct quotation from the text as support
Properly reference it using correct MLA citation formatting (in-text parentheses and a Works Cited page).

12. Re-state Your Thesis
Re-state your thesis in your concluding sentence(s)
Use different words than you initially used, but without changing the argument or point of focus.

13. Titles
When writing the title of a television show, film, poem or short story from an anthology, or a newspaper/ magazine article, the title should be either written in “quotations” or italicized.
When writing the title of a novel or a play, the title should be underlined or italicized.

14. Verb Tense
Keep your verb tense consistent in your writing (present tense rather than past tense)
i.e. “develops” rather than “developed” or “says” rather than “said”. When referring to the action of a text in your writing, always use the present tense.

15. Sentence Fluency
In formal writing, do not begin a sentence with the words “but,” “and,” or “because.”
Although you will see this in fiction or creative writing, it is not technically accurate as these words imply an attachment to another thought/ idea (likely in the sentence preceding it), and therefore this sentence cannot stand on its own (a sentence fragment).

16. In Your Paragraphs You are writing ONE paragraphs
How many indents (1)?
How many sentences (12- 13)?
How many pages (1)?

17. Editing Strategy Pay attention to your sentence fluency
Read your writing out loud to help you detect avoidable errors!
And/or copy and paste it into google translate to read back to you

18. Transitions
Use transition words and phrases to connect your sentences so that your writing flows logically and effectively
i.e. therefore, also, in addition, for example, for instance, next, consequently, nevertheless, nonetheless, furthermore, in conclusion, finally, etc.

19. Avoid Summary
Your paragraph should not address “what the story is about” (no summaries allowed)!

20. Word Choice - Diction
Use repetition purposefully and effectively as a rhetorical technique!
There is a significant difference between not owning a thesaurus or not being original/critical/in- depth in your analysis and using repetition for emphasis.

21. Be Concise
Always be concise in your writing! Say exactly what you mean!

22. Title Include a creative and relevant title for your paragraph
Do not simply write a title like “Persuasive Paragraph #1” or “Persuasive Evaluation”

23. Know Your Terminology
Do not confuse the terms “narrator”, “protagonist”, and “author”…they are not all the same thing! (For television or film examples, reference the characters and director, not the actors)

24. Style
Remember that this is not a creative piece of writing…this is a formal persuasive paragraph.
If you write a creative piece, you will receive a grade that is below a level 1 (a failing grade)

25. Do Not Be Predictable
Do not write, “In English class we…”. Do not reference the class in your paragraph! Maintain a formal tone!