1. Types of Migration
Intercontinental – movement of people across an ocean or continent
Usually involves a large sum of money
Chain migration – people already in the new culture pay for other family members to come over – usually voluntary and functions to reunite families – usually leads to the development of enclaves

2. Types of Migration
Intercontinental – movement of people across an ocean or continent
Distance decay of the former culture – people begin to assimilate into the culture in which they are presently living
Acculturation – the transfer of cultures
Usually takes 3 generations for a family to lose its original culture

3. Types of Migration Interregional Intraregional
Done within a country’s borders from one region to another
Intraregional
The movement of people within the same region
Ex. Rural to urban
Usually for economic reasons

4. Types of Migration Cyclic Seasonal migration
Usually for agricultural reasons

5. Intervening Obstacles
Anything that forces individuals to halt and abort their migration plans due to some negative factor
Physical environment – natural disaster and storms
Distance and Cost
Cultural Factors – language – scams that prey on those that do not know the language

6. Intervening Obstacles
Government Restrictions – quotas (limits on the number of immigrants allowed into a country) – the US is approximately 2 million per year
Because of quotas illegal entry is popular and profitable
Coyote – a person who is hired to help illegal immigrants get into the US, often at a cost that does not depend upon the success of entry
Various debates on what to do with illegal immigrants:
Amnesty – allow to stay and grant citizenship
Remove all illegal immigrants from the US

7. Intervening Opportunities
When a migrant stops and decides to stay at a location along his or her journey because he or she encounters favorable economic opportunities or environmental amenities along the way
Ex. Moving from Boston to Miami but “fall in love” with the NC coast on your way down so you decide to stay

8. Forced Migration
Slavery – 17th-19th centuries slaves from West Africa were brought to the Western Hemisphere – millions of people of African descent are in Canada, the US, the Caribbean, and South America today as a result
Transmigration – the removal of people from one place and their relocation somewhere else within a country – in recent years, Indonesia has relocated by force 1/3 of the population of the island of Java to help with overcrowding