1. the process of achieving,
Thought of the Day
HAPPINESS is found in
the process of achieving,
not merely in
POSSESING.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

2. Clippers and Clampers - 1
D.C. Kulshreshtha
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

3. Clippers and Clampers-1
Topics to be discussed
What is a Clipper Circuit ?
General characteristic of a double clipper.
Series negative clipper.
Processing by series negative clipper.
Series Biased Clippers.
Guidelines to Solve.
Numerical Examples.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

4. Clippers and Clampers-1
A circuit that clips off or removes a portion of the input signal.
A clipper can process any type of signal.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

5. double clipper. General characteristic of a Upper Limiting level
Upper threshold point
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

6. Clippers and Clampers-1
There can be single clippers : –
Positive
Negative
Two categories :
Series – Diode and load in series.
Parallel – Diode and load in parallel.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

7. Series negative clipper
The circuit
The transfer characteristics
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

8. Processing by series negative clipper
Square wave
Draw the output.
Triangular wave
Draw the output.
This clipper is like a half-wave rectifier.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

9. Rectangular wave or Square wave ?
Ans. Both are same. Usually, we call it a square wave.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

10. What happens if the diode in a half-wave rectifier is reversed ?
Ans. It still remains a half-wave rectifier, but it now works as a positive clipper.
Input
Output ?
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

11. Series Biased Clippers
Bias means applying a dc voltage to change the dc level of a circuit.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

12. Clippers and Clampers-1
Guidelines to Solve
Determine the transition level at which the diode turns ON.
With diode ON, find relation between vo and vi.
Draw the transfer characteristic of the clipper.
Plot the waveshape of vo for given input.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

13. Clippers and Clampers-1
We find that
Diode is ON for vi > VB.
Therefore, vi(tr) = VB.
When diode is ON, vo = vi – VB.
When diode is OFF, vo = 0.
Plot the transfer characteristic of the clipper.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

14. Characteristic (Graph between input and output)
Draw the output wave corresponding to a sinusoidal input with Vm > VB
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

15. Clippers and Clampers-1
Now, draw the output.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

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Example 1
Determine the output waveform for the clipper circuit, if the input is a sinusoidal wave of peak value 15 V.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
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Solution
The direction of the diode suggests that it will be ON for positive values of vi.
At transition level,
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
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After diode is ON,
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

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Transfer characteristic
Draw the output.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

20. Clippers and Clampers-1
Example 2
Determine the output waveform for the clipper circuit of Example 1, if its input is as follows
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
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Solution
Problem is simpler. Only two levels :
vi = +15 V and vi = -5 V
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

22. Clippers and Clampers-1
Now, you can draw the output.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1

23. Clippers and Clampers-1
Note that
Total swing of vi is 15 – (-5) = 20 V.
Total swing of vo is 18 – 0 = 18 V.
Clipper circuit clipped off 2 V, and raised the dc level by 3 V.
मंगलवार, 15 जनवरी 2019
Clippers and Clampers-1