1. The world of work in Free State Joyce Jefferis
STATS SA
The world of work
in Free State
Joyce Jefferis
Free State Isibalo Symposium
Bloemfontein October 2013

2. Presentation outline Part 1: Based on the QLFS
STATS SA
Presentation outline
Part 1: Based on the QLFS
Labour market indicators Free State compared with the national average
Provincial comparisons
Part 2: Based on the population Censuses (1996 & 2011)
Labour market results at DC level across the country (top/bottom) DCs
Labour market results at DC level for Free State
Labour market results at Municipality level for Free State

3. What is the labour market?
STATS SA
What is the labour market?
Firms demand labour
Individuals supply labour
Important vehicle for distributing the benefits of
economic development

4. Production: Real GDP (2005 prices y-o-y)
STATS SA

5. The population in South Africa, 2011
STATS SA
51,8 million people and 5% of these (2,7 million) lived in Free State

6. Distribution of the population in Free State
STATS SA
Mangaung had the largest population (27,2%) and Xhariep had the smallest (5,3%)
Free State
Population %
Xhariep
5,3
Lejweleputswa
22,8
Thabo Mofutsanyane
27,1
Fezile Dabi
17,6
Mangaung
27,2
Total
100,0

7. Employment: Year on year changes
STATS SA
1 million jobs lost in RSA
55 thousand in Free State
Peak in Q4: Latest
RSA : 14,0 m 13,7 m
Free State: 823 th th
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

8. Industries: Annual job losses 2008 to 2012
STATS SA
Nationally Manufacturing, Trade & construction lost the most jobs

9. Unemployment rate: Official definition
STATS SA
Free State above the national average by a larger margin since Q3: 2011
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

10. Labour absorption rate: South Africa & Free State
STATS SA
The percentage of the working age population in Free State with jobs has fallen from almost 46% in Q1:2008 to 40% in Q2:2013
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013

11. Census: Unemployment rate by province
STATS SA
Highest in FS
Largest increase in FS & EC

12. Third highest in Free State
Census: Incidence of long term unemployment
STATS SA
Third highest in Free State

13. Census: Discouraged work-seekers % of NEA
STATS SA

14. Census: Occupations, 2012
STATS SA

15. Census: Median monthly earnings
STATS SA
Third lowest

16. Hard facts: The job losses in Free State unpacked
STATS SA
Education
2008 – 2012
Free State lost jobs
Age
Occupation

17. Understandingthe labour market from a Census perspective
STATS SA
Understandingthe labour market from a Census perspective

18. Based on the expanded definition of unemployment.
Census
STATS SA
Note
Based on the expanded definition of unemployment.
Industry shares refer to the 1996 Census results because the industry coding for 2011 Census results is still underway

19. Urban and Non-urban unemployment rates 1996 - 2011
Census
STATS SA
Urban and Non-urban unemployment rates

20. Census: Unemployment rate: Largest increase
STATS SA
Mining : 46% of
Employment

21. Census: Unemployment rate: Largest decrease
STATS SA
ISRDP intervention
ISRDP: Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Programme of 2001

22. Metro areas feature prominently
Census: Unemployment rate, most urban DCs
STATS SA
Metro areas feature prominently
Slight increase
Largest increase
Slight decline

23. Largest decline in rates in 2 DCs (ISRDP)
Census: Unemployment rate in Non-Urban areas
STATS SA
Largest decline in rates in 2 DCs (ISRDP)
ISRDP: Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Programme of 2001

24. Census: NEET rate among youth (15-24 yrs)
STATS SA
Highest

25. Unemployment rate and level of education by sex and area type in 2011
Census
STATS SA
Unemployment rate and
level of education
by sex and area type
in 2011

26. Lowest unemployment rate but sometimes poor employment conditions
Census: Unemployment rate by Area type and sex, 2011
STATS SA
South Africa, 2011
Lowest unemployment rate but sometimes poor employment conditions
Urban
Traditional
Farm

27. Census: Education levels of the labour force, 2011
STATS SA
Worst education profile in farm areas.
But lowest unemployment rate
South Africa 2011
Below matric :54,1
Matric and higher :45,6
Urban
Traditional
Farm

28. Largest gender gap where mining is dominant
Census: Unemployment rate by sex in the most urbanised DCs, 2011
STATS SA
Largest gender gap where mining is dominant
Difference

29. Census: Unemployment rate by sex, most traditional areas, 2011
STATS SA
Generally the highest rates in the country for Men & Women
Difference

30. Census: Unemployment rate by sex in farm areas, 2011
STATS SA
Difference
Relatively large gender imbalances but lowest rates in the country for Men & Women
Agriculture accounts for 25-40% of total employment in all DCs

31. Employment in the formal and informal sector 2011
Census
STATS SA
Employment in the formal and informal sector
2011

32. Census: DCs with highest % of formal sector jobs, 2011
STATS SA

33. Census: DCs with highest % of informal sector jobs, 2011
STATS SA
Highest in the country

34. Census
STATS SA
Free State
Labour market outcomes
at DC level

35. Census: The working age population in Free State, 2011
STATS SA D B C A E

36. Census: Labour force by area type
STATS SA
Education matters

37. Mangaung has the best education profile
Census: Education profile of the labour force
STATS SA
Below matric
Matric only
Tertiary
Mangaung has the best education profile
1996
2011

38. Census: 2011 1996 33,0% Unemployment rate in Free state Mangaung 42,1%
STATS SA
1996
33,0%
Mangaung
2011
42,1%
33,8 35,5
Largest increase in Lejweleputswa
Highest rate in
Thabo Mofutsanyane
Thabo Mofutsanyane
39,2 47,7
Lejweleputswa
29,1 45,6
Increase (ppoints)
Fezile Dabi
30,4 41,4
Lejweleputswa
16,6
(46%)
Fezile Dabi
11,0
(29%)
Thabo Mofutsanyane
8,5
(25%)
Xhariep
6,2
(34%)
Mangaung
1,8
Free State
9,1
Xhariep
33,8 40,0

39. Census: Labour absorption rate
STATS SA
Best opportunities for employment in Mangaung

40. Census: Formal and informal sector in 2011
STATS SA
Informal sector employment is highest in Xhariep

41. Census: Unemployment rate by age and sex, 2011
STATS SA

42. Highest rate but smallest increase
Census: Unemployment rate, Municipalities
STATS SA
Fezile Dabi
Highest rate but smallest increase
Largest increase
Thabo Mofutsanyane
2nd Largest increase
4th Largest increase
Lejweleputswa
3rd Largest increase
Xhariep
Lowest rate
20%
40%
60%

43. Census: Education profile of the labour force municipalities
STATS SA
Below matric
Matric plus

44. Census
STATS SA
Education level of the labour force, 2011
Thank you

45. Census 1 Agriculture 12,6 7,8 24,6 15,0 6,6 13,7 1,1 10,7 8,5 2 Mining
1996
1 WC
2 EC
3 NC
4 FS
5 KZN
6 NW
7 GP
8 MP
9 LP
Grand Total
1 Agriculture
12,6
7,8
24,6
15,0
6,6
13,7
1,1
10,7
8,5
2 Mining
0,1
0,6
4,6
6,1
0,7
2,0
5,6
3,2
2,8
3 Manufacturing
18,0
18,4
7,4
7,6
18,2
9,7
17,6
11,6
9,3
15,4
4 Utilities
1,4
0,8
0,9
1,7
0,5
1,0
2,9
2,3
5 Construction
5,8
4,9
3,9
5,1
4,7
3,0
6,0
6 Trade
17,5
12,9
13,8
11,7
16,0
14,6
16,7
14,5
11,2
15,3
7 Transport
4,5
6,7
6,3
5,0
2,6
5,4
8 Finance
8,7
3,7
6,4
3,6
13,2
6,2
8,3
9 Services
21,1
31,3
20,7
24,0
23,6
21,9
18,8
20,4
30,4
22,5
92 Phholds
6,8
10,4
13,6
14,3
7,5
11,3
8,1
10,1
7,1
9,0
94 Nes
2,7
3,8
3,4
6,9
4,1
9,9
100,0
2013
4,3
10,3
5,2
18,3
14,2
13,1
8,4
15,2
0,4
2,4
7,9
10,2
7,2
9,4
9,8
22,0
21,5
17,3
19,1
20,2
18,7
22,7
21,2
6,5
5,3
3,1
16,2
8,2
7,7
11,8
19,6
9,2
5,7
13,3
25,9
28,0
29,2
22,8
24,1
19,8
23,7
22,2
8,6
12,3
8,0
0,0
0,3
Census
STATS SA

46. Census Industry WC EC NC FS KZN NW GP MP LP RSA Per cent Agriculture
Table 5.4: Share of employment by industry and province, 2012
Census
STATS SA
Industry WC EC NC FS
KZN NW GP MP LP
RSA
Per cent
Agriculture
6,6
4,4
16,0
8,8
3,7
4,5
1,4
9,3
9,9
4,9
Mining
0,2
0,1
6,0
0,8
16,1
0,7
6,7
6,9
2,6
Manufacturing
15,6
12,6
4,2
8,3
15,2
7,8
14,5
12,7
Utilities
0,5
1,1
0,6
2,4
0,9
Construction
7,6
9,4
6,2
8,5
6,1
7,4
9,2
Trade
21,2
24,1
15,7
20,9
20,3
21,9
24,7
24,5
22,0
Transport
5,3
5,4
3,3
4,0
4,1
5,0
Finance
15,8
9,5
11,5
8,2
18,8
5,8
13,1
Services
21,1
26,4
29,7
24,6
23,6
16,6
22,9
22,1
Private households
9,1
12,8
9,0
8,6
Total
100,0

47. STATS SA

48. Free State at a glance Unemployment rate is the highest in the country
STATS SA
Unemployment rate is the highest in the country
Agriculture, trade and manufacturing lost the most jobs in the past 5 years
Informal sector share in total employment is the highest in the ountry
Young people
Have the highest unemployment rate
Data: Q3_Q4: 2012