1. Measurement book reference p. 51 -62
Accuracy
The accuracy of the measurement refers to how close the measured value is to the true or accepted value.
For example, if you used a balance to find the mass of a known standard g mass, and you got a reading of g, your measurement would not be very accurate.
Precision
Precision refers to how close together a group of measurements actually are to each other.

2. Accuracy and precision examples
Precise accurate and precise

3. Errors
Accuracy with error & precision with error

4. Significant figures sig fig (sf)
Rules for reporting meaningful experimental results.
Prevents propagation of error.

5. Sig figs Any non-zero number is significant
Zeros between sig figs are significant
Zeros in front of all nonzero digits are not significant
Zeros at the end of number and to right of the decimal point are significant
Zeros to the left of the decimal are tough. If they were measured they are significant. Use scientific notation.

6. Sig fig examples 24.7 g 0.346 g 2005 m 3.509 ml 0.00067 g 56.00 6.010
600
720
3 sf
4 sf
2 sf
1 or x 102
2 or x 102

7. Calculations and sig fig Addition subtraction
An answer can not be more precise than the least precise measurement
4.34 cm cm = 2.04 so 2.0 cm
Rounding rules if the digit after the last significant digit is 5 or greater round up
g g = so 12.6 g

8. Calculations and sig fig multiplication division
The LEAST MOST rule - the most sig fig reported in your answer comes from the least number of sig fig in the calculation
3.4 cm x 5.43 cm = so 18 cm
18.45 g /3.45 g = so
5.35