1. The Pharmacology and Physiology of Drug Use

2. Pharmacology
The relationship of interactions between drugs and living organisms

3. The Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS)
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

4. The Neuron The neuron contains two types of nerve fibers
Dendrites – allow nerve impulses to be transmitted to the nerve’s cell body
Axoms – send nerve impulses away from the nerve’s cell body
Synapse – the space between an axon and a dendrite

5. The Neuron (cont.)
Action potential – a process by which the nerve impulse is sent down the axon
Neurotransmitters – Substances manufactured in the neuron and released into the synapse

6. Neurons in the Brain

7. Synaptic Transmission

8. Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine Serotonin
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)
Catecholamines
Reuptake
Dopamine
Epinephrine/Adrenaline – integral to the Fight-Flight-Fright Mechanism
Peptides

9. Fight-Flight-Fright Mechanisms

10. The Central Nervous System (CNS)
Reticular activating system (RAS)
Hypothalamus
Cerebral cortex
Limbic system
Medial forebrain bundle (MFB)
Basal ganglia
Periventricular system
Brain stem

11. Cross Section of the Human Brain

12. Actions of Various Parts of the Brain

13. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

14. Comparison of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems

15. Drugs and Major Body Systems
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Respiratory System
Gastrointestinal System

16. Factors Influencing the Effects of Drugs
Age
Gender
Dosage
Threshold dose
Effective dose (ED)
Lethal dose (LD)
Dose-Response Curve

17. Dose-Response Curve

18. Factors Influencing the Effects of Drugs (cont.)
Purity and Potency
Drug Interactions
Tolerance
Pharmacological tolerance
Behavioral tolerance
Cross-tolerance
Reverse tolerance

19. Factors Influencing the Effects of Drugs (cont.)
Set and Setting

20. Methods of Administration
Oral ingestion
Injection
Intravenous injection
Intramuscular injection
Subcutaneous injection
Topical
Inhalation