1. Why can your knees get wet If you stand in a puddle?

2. Match the structure to function
Lignin
Movement of water out of xylem
plasmodesmata
Space in middle of xylem
pit
Movement of cytoplasm between cells
Companion cell
Strengthens xylem walls
Lumen
End of sieve tube, allow sap to pass through
End plate
Cell next to sieve tube

3. Identify Xylem, Phloem and Cambium

4. Up water potential gradient
Water moves from soil into roots
From roots water enters xylem
water moves up xylem to leaves
Water is evaporated into leaf
Lost through transpiration
Up water potential gradient

5. Memorise this…

7. Recreate!

8. Cell: Low water potential Soil: High water potential

9. Why does water enter the root? Water enters through root hair cells
Root hair cells absorb
minerals by active
transport
Reduces cell water
potential
Water enters through
root hair cells by
osmosis

10. Water from root hair to xylem
Root hair to cortex
Cortex to xylem

11. Apoplast Pathway Water soaks into the cell wall
Seeps in spaces between cells
Doesn’t enter cell

12. Symplast Pathway Water enters cell Can move cell to cell by osmosis
Via strands of cytoplasm: plasmodesmata

13. Vacuolar pathway Similar to symplastic pathway
Not limited to cytoplasm
Can move through vacuoles

14. Symplast Apoplast Vacuolar
Moves via osmosis
Moves through cell wall
Moves via cytoplasm
Water trapped in cellulose cell wall
Moves via osmosis
Moves via plasmodesmata
Moves via plasmodesmata
Moves via vacuole

16. Movement across the root