1. Implementing MB Alternatives in GA
University of Georgia
Tifton Campus

2. Loss of Methyl Bromide

3. Viable MB Fumigant Alternatives
MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)
DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)
Trade Name will be Paladin
Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam (3-WAY)

4. MIDAS
Labeled in 2008.
Application procedure similar to MB.

5. MIDAS Labeled Application procedure similar to MB.
MIDAS is a 50:50 or 98:2 mix with Pic
Use rate similar to MB

6. Non-treated

7. MIDAS MB

8. MIDAS MIDAS is a 50:50 or 98:2 mix with Pic Use rate similar to MB
EUP (Experimental Use Permit)
Application procedure similar to MB
MIDAS is a 50:50 or 98:2 mix with Pic
Use rate similar to MB
Reduce use rate 40% under VIF mulches.

9. MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast
LDPE
VIF

10. MIDAS
Broadcast rate of 98:2 under high barrier mulch
Spring: 100 lb
Fall: rate needed above label
Broadcast rate of 50:50 under high barrier mulch
Spring: 175 to 200 lb
Fall: rate needed is above label

11. DMDS (Paladin)
EUP was in effect for 2008, labeled late spring early summer 2009?

12. DMDS (Paladin) EUP 2008, labeled 2009?
79:21 mixture with chloropicrin.
Same application procedures as MB.

14. DMDS (Paladin) EUP 2008, labeled 2009? 79:21 mixture with chloropicrin
Same application procedures as MB
Excellent nutsedge control; needs help on annual grasses, pigweed, and likely other small seeded annual broadleaf weeds.

15. Non-treated

16. DMDS MB

17. Percent yellow nutsedge control at harvest as impacted by DMDS rate
Percent yellow nutsedge control at harvest as impacted by DMDS rate. TyTy, GA 2008.*
100 a
99 a
98 a
98 a
60 G
50 G
40 G
30 G
DMDS Rate

18. Percent large crabgrass control at harvest as impacted by DMDS rate
Percent large crabgrass control at harvest as impacted by DMDS rate. TyTy, GA 2008.*
75 a
66 b
49 c
33 d
60 G
50 G
40 G
30 G
DMDS Rate

20. DMDS (Paladin) EUP 2008, labeled 2009? 79:21 mixture with chloropicrin
Same application procedures as MB
Excellent nutsedge control; needs help on annual grasses, pigweed, and likely other small seeded annual broadleaf weeds.
Must use high barrier mulch

21. DMDS 60 G, Blockade
DMDS 70 G, LDPE

22. DMDS (Paladin) EUP 2008, labeled 2009?
79:21 mixture with chloropicrin.
Same application procedures as MB.
Excellent nutsedge control; needs help on annual grasses, pigweed, and likely other small seeded annual broadleaf weeds.
Must use high barrier mulch.
Smell and cost must be addressed.

23. Telone/Pic/Vapam
Labeled, strongly encouraged to try for spring applications

24. Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam
2006
2004

25. MB
3 Way

26. Number of Nutsedge Plants/A with MB Alternatives in Pepper. Spring 2007.*
Location 2
Location 3 MB
15 b
59 b
MIDAS
13 b
55 b
3-WAY
25 b

27. Number of Amaranth Plants/A with MB Alternatives in Pepper. Spring 2007.*
Location 2
Location 3 MB
10 b
2 b
MIDAS
15 b
16 b
DMDS
220 a
206 a
3-WAY
0 b

28. MB, MIDAS, DMDS application 8” deep

29. Telone II Application 12 to 14 “ deep

30. Chloropicrin placed 8 inches deep

31. Note moisture and compaction

33. Metam Application

34. Other Things I Need To Know
1. Do I need Telone, Pic, and Vapam?

35. Other Things I Need To Know
Do I need Telone, Pic, and Vapam?
how many crops?
what crops?
what weed pressure?
what disease pressure?
If you don’t use all 3 can you sustain success?

36. Telone II fb Pic fb Vapam
Telone II fb Vapam
LDPE mulch
Telone II fb Pic
LDPE mulch
Telone II fb Pic fb Vapam
LDPE mulch
V4-05, 60 DAT

37. Other Things I Need To Know
2. Can I apply my Telone and chloropicrin together (C35 or Pic Chlor 60)??

38. Other Things I Need To Know
2. Can I apply my Telone and chloropicrin together (C35 or Pic Chlor)??
Ideal Placement
Vapam = 4 inches
Chloropicrin = 8 inches
Telone = 12 inches

39. Telone + Chloropicrin (100 lb) followed by Vapam
Pic 8 “ deep
Pic 12 “ deep

40. Other Things I Need To Know
3. Interval between fumigating and planting???

41. Telone II fb chloropicrin
Transplanted 21 DAT
VIF
LDPE
Telone II fb chloropicrin

42. Other Things I Need To Know
4. Do we need alternative mulch with 3-WAY?

43. Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems
Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2007.
99a
93 a
Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest.

44. Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems
Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2007.
99a
93 a
82 b
75b
Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest.

45. Other Things I Need To Know
5. Spring vs. fall application in GA???

46. Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems
Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Spring 2008.
99 a
99 a
99 a
99a
99a
Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 60 F.

47. Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems
Percent Purple Nutsedge Control by MB Alternative Systems. Ponder, Fall 2007.
98a
93ab
87 ab
85 b
70 c
Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet, evaluations are at pepper harvest. Soil temp 93 F.

48. Other Things I Need To Know
6. Control weeds before and IMMEDIATELY after the crop is produced
*The goal is to eliminate seed or tuber production….glyphosate is more effective than paraquat on nutsedge, tillage great option after last crop on mulch.

49. Comparing MB Alternatives
DMDS WAY MIDAS
Mulch
Smell
Nutsedge /- +
Annual grasses
Broadleaf weeds
Application Procedure

50. Bigger Issue than Loss of MB?

51. Plasticulture – BEST CASE
Reduce GA farm income: $20.4 mil
Reduce output value: $73.1 mil
Reduce labor income: $35.1 mil
Eliminate 775 workers

52. BAREGROUND – BEST CASE
Eliminate production dependent on fumigants

53. Bigger Issue than Loss of MB?

54. Bigger Issue than Loss of MB?
BUFFER RESTRICTIONS FOR ALL FUMIGANTS

55. Fumigant RED’s Buffer distances to homes or occupied structures
Right-of-way buffer zones
Buffer zones adjacent to areas treated the previous day
Respiratory requirements
Warning zones
Notification of state agency
Fumigant management plan

56. Fumigant RED’s Buffer distances to homes or occupied structures
Right-of-way buffer zones
Buffer zones adjacent to areas treated the previous day
Respiratory requirements
Warning zones
Notification of state agency
Fumigant management plan

57. Research Objectives
Address the variables actually impacting gas emissions!
Soil moisture
Soil texture
Soil temperature
Soil compaction
Mulch types
Application procedures

59. Questions or Comments?