1. Manifest Destiny…or Head ‘em up and Move ‘em Out!

2. People wanted to ____________ on land in the Far West.
make money
Land speculators
_______________ bought huge areas of land. They made money by dividing this land and selling it to ___________.
settlers

3. _______________ and __________ followed settlers.
Manufacturers
merchants
Others moved west to __________or escape people to whom they_________.
find jobs
owed money

4. Santa Fe Trail
After Mexico won its independence from Spain, it opened its borders to American traders.
Trader William Becknell established the ____________to New Mexico. He made a large profit because New Mexicans were eager for new merchandise.
Santa Fe trail

6. The Oregon Trail Independence, Missouri
It ran from ____________________, to the Oregon Territory.
The first whites to make the trip were _______________who sent back reports of Oregon’s rich land.
missionaries
In 1843, nearly 1,000 people traveled from Missouri to Oregon; the next year, twice as many went.

9. The Mormon Trail
The Mormons were members of the ________________________________.
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
Joseph Smith
_____________ had founded this church in upstate New York.

10. In 1844, an anti-Mormon mob in Illinois killed Smith.
Brigham Young
_____________, the next Mormon leader, moved his people into Utah, then part of Mexico. They build a settlement by the __________________.
Great Salt Lake

12. The Mormons worked together to build _________________, which captured water in the hills and carried it to the farms in the valley below.
dams and canals

13. John O’Sullivan, a newspaper editor, first used the term ______________.
“manifest destiny.”
Manifest
_________ – meaning clear or obvious
_______ – meaning events sure to happen
Destiny
Manifest destiny suggested that westward expansion was not only good, but _________________.
bound to happen

14. “Sea to shining sea” – many Americans believed that it was the mission of the United States to ____________ by occupying the __________________.
spread freedom
entire continent

15. The California Gold Rush
California was populated by Native Americans and ____________– settlers of Spanish or Mexican descent.
Californios
American immigration
Mexico feared _________________ and rarely gave land to foreigners.

16. John Sutter
American ___________ was granted 50,000 acres in the Sacramento Valley.
He built a sawmill on the American River. Gold was found at _____________, leading to the California gold rush.
Sutter’s Mill

17. Forty-niners
______________ were people who rushed to California to find gold, starting in 1849.
Because the adventure was so difficult, most gold seekers were ___________.
young men
As people rushed to a new area to look for gold, they built new communities called __________.
boomtowns

18. Cities in California flourished during the gold rush – _______________ grew from a tiny village to a city of about 20,000 people.
San Francisco
no experience
Most forty-niners had _______________ in mining, and they found little or no gold.

19. Merchants
___________ benefited most from the gold rush.
Huge migration
______________caused economic growth that changed California.
By 1849, California had enough people to __________________.
apply for statehood

20. territorial stage
California skipped the ______________ because of its quick population increase and was admitted as a _____________ in 1850.
free state
The statehood of California made __________ outnumber ____________.
free states
slave states
Southerners feared that Northerners might use their majority to ______________.
abolish slavery