1. Multiplying Monomials and Raising Monomials to Powers

2. Vocabulary
Monomials - a number, a variable, or a product of a number and one or more variables
4x, 20x2yw3, -3, a2b3, and 3yz are all monomials.
Constant – a monomial that is a number without a variable.
Base – In an expression of the form xn, the base is x.
Exponent – In an expression of the form xn, the exponent is n.

3. Writing - Using Exponents
Rewrite the following expressions using exponents:
The variables, x and y, represent the bases. The number of times each base is multiplied by itself will be the value of the exponent.

4. Writing Expressions without Exponents
Write out each expression without exponents (as multiplication): or

5. Product of Powers Simplify the following expression: (5a2)(a5)
Step 1: Write out the expressions in expanded form.
Step 2: Rewrite using exponents.

6. Product of Powers Rule am • an = am+n.
For any number a, and all integers m and n,
am • an = am+n.

7. Multiplying Monomials
If the monomials have coefficients, multiply those, but still add the powers.

8. Multiplying Monomials
These monomials have a mixture of different variables. Only add powers of like variables.

9. The monomial is the term inside the parentheses.
Power of Powers
Simplify the following: ( x3 ) 4
The monomial is the term inside the parentheses.
Write out the expression in expanded form.
Simplify, writing as a power.
Note: 3 x 4 = 12.

10. Power of Powers Rule
For any number, a, and all integers m and n,

11. Monomials to Powers
If the monomial inside the parentheses has a coefficient, raise the coefficient to the power, but still multiply the variable powers.

12. Monomials to Powers (Power of a Product)
If the monomial inside the parentheses has more than one variable, raise each variable to the outside power using the power of a power rule.
(ab)m = am•bm

13. Monomials to Powers (Power of a Product)
Simplify each expression:

14. Special Case 1 X0=1 (ab)0 = 1 50=1 00=1 or undefined
Any base raised to the power of zero (except zero) equals one.
X0= (ab)0 = =1
00=1 or undefined
Simplify each expression:

15. Special Case 2
Any base raised to a negative power becomes the denominator of a fraction
Simplify each expression: