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Three-Dimensional-Printed Bioengineered Tracheal Grafts: Preclinical Results and Potential for Human Use  Sadiq S. Rehmani, MD, Adnan M. Al-Ayoubi, MD,

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Presentation on theme: "Three-Dimensional-Printed Bioengineered Tracheal Grafts: Preclinical Results and Potential for Human Use  Sadiq S. Rehmani, MD, Adnan M. Al-Ayoubi, MD,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Three-Dimensional-Printed Bioengineered Tracheal Grafts: Preclinical Results and Potential for Human Use  Sadiq S. Rehmani, MD, Adnan M. Al-Ayoubi, MD, PhD, Adil Ayub, MD, Michael Barsky, BA, Erik Lewis, MD, Raja Flores, MD, Robert Lebovics, MD, Faiz Y. Bhora, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 104, Issue 3, Pages (September 2017) DOI: /j.athoracsur Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 Fabrication of customized bioengineered tracheal grafts (BETGs). Computed tomographic (CT) images of porcine trachea were obtained and rendered into a three-dimensional (3D) model. The anatomically scaled grafts were produced using a 3D printer. The final graft, consisting of polycaprolactone rings and an extracellular matrix layer, was implanted into the animal. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 Size-matched three-dimensional–printed polycaprolactone and extracellular matrix composite graft to repair anterior tracheal defect, secured with interrupted sutures. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 In vitro cell growth on polycaprolactone. Cell viability was tested using LIVE/DEAD assay (Life Technologies). (A) 4,6-Diamidino-2-phynylindole staining for nuclei. (B) Ethidium homodimer-1 stained bright red fluorescence in dead cells (ex/em, ∼495 nm/∼635 nm). (C) Calcein produced green fluorescence in live cells (ex/em, ∼495 nm/∼515 nm). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5 Fig 4 Endoscopic examination. Representative bronchoscopic images from 2 animals at the level of grafts at (A, C) 1 month and (B, D) 3 months. (A) Asterisk indicates mucous on the suture. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

6 Fig 5 Gross anatomic and histologic examinations of the explanted trachea. (A) Lateral and (B) posterior views of an explanted trachea show the location and extent of tracheal graft (asterisk). (C) Cross-section of trachea at the level of the graft. (D) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the section at graft level shows granulation tissue (asterisk). Small blood vessels (BVs) could also be seen. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

7 Fig 6 Epithelialization of the graft. The graft shows (C, D) ciliated epithelium along with (A) metaplastic epithelium and occasional goblet cells. (B) Some areas of the graft had disrupted epithelium. (Hematoxylin and eosin; ×60; Ci = cilia; MS = metaplastic squamous; PS = pseudo-stratified.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur ) Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

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